Performance measurements › x86_1 › kem-10 · system: x86_1 · arm_1

kem-10 C-Multi-UR-AG — performance on x86-64 (system x86_1)

Independent measurement following the structure of the NICCS x86 self-assessment guide, §3.5 (1)–(7). Not a submitter self-assessment.

1. Basic information

Category: public-key algorithm; function: key encapsulation
Algorithm: C-Multi-UR-AG
Implementation versions measured: reference
Parameter sets: CMultiURAG-128, CMultiURAG-256, CMultiURAG-512
Security evaluation: kem-10 report
Measurement method: x86_1 method
Submission: NICCS page

2. Assessment environment

item	value
processor	12th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-12700 (CPU 2, one core)
clock	max 2.10 GHz, governor performance, turbo off, SMT off
memory	31788 MiB
OS / kernel	Debian GNU/Linux 13 (trixie) / 6.12.107+deb13-amd64
compiler / build tool	gcc (Debian 14.2.0-19) 14.2.0 / cmake version 3.31.6
campaign start / end (UTC)	2026-09-25T10:02:21 / 2026-09-28T10:51:21

3. Functional testing (KAT)

Each library was checked against the submitted KAT vectors (SHA-256 manifest kem-10/kat.sha256 in the harness) before timing.

instance	build flags	KAT
`CMultiURAG-128`	guide	PASS
`CMultiURAG-256`	guide	PASS
`CMultiURAG-512`	guide	PASS

4. Performance

instance	operation	mean cycles	mean time	ops/s	median trial	n (trials × iters)
`CMultiURAG-128`	keygen	12.19 M	5.82 ms	172	5.82 ms	850 (5 × 170)
`CMultiURAG-128`	enc	23.60 M	11.3 ms	88.7	11.3 ms	445 (5 × 89)
`CMultiURAG-128`	dec	128.36 M	61.3 ms	16.3	61.3 ms	100 (5 × 20)
`CMultiURAG-256`	keygen	37.54 M	17.9 ms	55.7	17.9 ms	280 (5 × 56)
`CMultiURAG-256`	enc	55.27 M	26.4 ms	37.9	26.4 ms	190 (5 × 38)
`CMultiURAG-256`	dec	339.59 M	164 ms	6.12	162 ms	100 (5 × 20)
`CMultiURAG-512`	keygen	165.29 M	79 ms	12.7	79 ms	100 (5 × 20)
`CMultiURAG-512`	enc	240.27 M	115 ms	8.71	115 ms	100 (5 × 20)
`CMultiURAG-512`	dec	1.45 G	693 ms	1.44	693 ms	100 (5 × 20)

5. Resource consumption

Static memory is approximated by the library's loadable ELF segments; peak memory is the process high-water mark (VmHWM) including the benchmark driver and libc, so both are upper-bound proxies rather than isolated algorithm memory.

instance	operation	static: ELF image (bytes)	baseline RSS	peak RSS
`CMultiURAG-128`	keygen	142445	1732 KiB	1944 KiB
`CMultiURAG-128`	enc	142445	1940 KiB	2032 KiB
`CMultiURAG-128`	dec	142445	1948 KiB	2024 KiB
`CMultiURAG-256`	keygen	142273	1776 KiB	2012 KiB
`CMultiURAG-256`	enc	142273	2032 KiB	2140 KiB
`CMultiURAG-256`	dec	142273	2088 KiB	2196 KiB
`CMultiURAG-512`	keygen	143369	1836 KiB	2236 KiB
`CMultiURAG-512`	enc	143369	2376 KiB	2496 KiB
`CMultiURAG-512`	dec	143369	2476 KiB	2628 KiB

6. Transmission and storage overhead

External public-key, ciphertext and signature sizes follow the curated performance/external_sizes.csv catalog; secret-key and shared-secret lengths remain API figures. See the size audit for disagreements.

instance	public key	secret key	ciphertext	shared secret
`CMultiURAG-128`	3866	3960	7332	64
`CMultiURAG-256`	10780	10892	15304	64
`CMultiURAG-512`	28866	29021	40926	64

Symmetric primitives

Survey verdict: ICCS-only — own fips202.c compiled but unreachable from the API

Share of each operation spent in the ICCS placeholder hash functions and in the ICCS DRNG (reference build, measured in the same run with link-time wrappers):

instance	operation	pseudohash/XOF/sm3	DRNG	calls per operation
`CMultiURAG-128`	keygen	0.0%	6.8%	drng 44
`CMultiURAG-128`	enc	2.8%	3.7%	drng 45, pseudohash 2
`CMultiURAG-128`	dec	0.5%	1.4%	drng 85, pseudohash 2
`CMultiURAG-256`	keygen	0.0%	5.2%	drng 54
`CMultiURAG-256`	enc	2.9%	3.6%	drng 55, pseudohash 2
`CMultiURAG-256`	dec	0.5%	1.2%	drng 105, pseudohash 2
`CMultiURAG-512`	keygen	0.0%	3.4%	drng 76
`CMultiURAG-512`	enc	1.8%	2.4%	drng 77, pseudohash 2
`CMultiURAG-512`	dec	0.3%	0.8%	drng 149, pseudohash 2

7. Raw evidence index

Paths are relative to performance/data/x86_1/ in the harness; each JSON file records its commands, environment and trials.

instance	item	file
`CMultiURAG-128`	KAT log (sha256 `b9d9f1686a50cd41…`)	`kat/kem-10/CMultiURAG-128.log`
`CMultiURAG-128`	timing dec	`records/kem-10/CMultiURAG-128__dec.json`
`CMultiURAG-128`	timing enc	`records/kem-10/CMultiURAG-128__enc.json`
`CMultiURAG-128`	timing keygen	`records/kem-10/CMultiURAG-128__keygen.json`
`CMultiURAG-128`	hash profile dec	`profile/kem-10/CMultiURAG-128__dec.json`
`CMultiURAG-128`	hash profile enc	`profile/kem-10/CMultiURAG-128__enc.json`
`CMultiURAG-128`	hash profile keygen	`profile/kem-10/CMultiURAG-128__keygen.json`
`CMultiURAG-256`	KAT log (sha256 `e4dbd28c00cff934…`)	`kat/kem-10/CMultiURAG-256.log`
`CMultiURAG-256`	timing dec	`records/kem-10/CMultiURAG-256__dec.json`
`CMultiURAG-256`	timing enc	`records/kem-10/CMultiURAG-256__enc.json`
`CMultiURAG-256`	timing keygen	`records/kem-10/CMultiURAG-256__keygen.json`
`CMultiURAG-256`	hash profile dec	`profile/kem-10/CMultiURAG-256__dec.json`
`CMultiURAG-256`	hash profile enc	`profile/kem-10/CMultiURAG-256__enc.json`
`CMultiURAG-256`	hash profile keygen	`profile/kem-10/CMultiURAG-256__keygen.json`
`CMultiURAG-512`	KAT log (sha256 `1e04ca9f582e5fc1…`)	`kat/kem-10/CMultiURAG-512.log`
`CMultiURAG-512`	timing dec	`records/kem-10/CMultiURAG-512__dec.json`
`CMultiURAG-512`	timing enc	`records/kem-10/CMultiURAG-512__enc.json`
`CMultiURAG-512`	timing keygen	`records/kem-10/CMultiURAG-512__keygen.json`
`CMultiURAG-512`	hash profile dec	`profile/kem-10/CMultiURAG-512__dec.json`
`CMultiURAG-512`	hash profile enc	`profile/kem-10/CMultiURAG-512__enc.json`
`CMultiURAG-512`	hash profile keygen	`profile/kem-10/CMultiURAG-512__keygen.json`

Scripts: performance/campaign.py, performance/ngcc_perf.c, performance/hashprof/ in the harness.