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Performance measurements › x86_1 › kem-21 · system: x86_1 · arm_1
kem-21 MAMBA-Viper — performance on x86-64 (system x86_1)
Independent measurement following the structure of the NICCS x86 self-assessment guide, §3.5 (1)–(7). Not a submitter self-assessment.
1. Basic information
- Category: public-key algorithm; function: key encapsulation
- Algorithm: MAMBA-Viper
- Implementation versions measured: reference
- Parameter sets:
MAMBA-Viper-128,MAMBA-Viper-192,MAMBA-Viper-256,MAMBA-Viper-384,MAMBA-Viper-512 - Security evaluation: kem-21 report
- Measurement method: x86_1 method
- Submission: NICCS page
2. Assessment environment
| item | value |
|---|---|
| processor | 12th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-12700 (CPU 2, one core) |
| clock | max 2.10 GHz, governor performance, turbo off, SMT off |
| memory | 31788 MiB |
| OS / kernel | Debian GNU/Linux 13 (trixie) / 6.12.107+deb13-amd64 |
| compiler / build tool | gcc (Debian 14.2.0-19) 14.2.0 / cmake version 3.31.6 |
| campaign start / end (UTC) | 2026-09-25T10:02:21 / 2026-09-28T10:51:21 |
3. Functional testing (KAT)
Each library was checked against the submitted KAT vectors (SHA-256 manifest kem-21/kat.sha256 in the harness) before timing.
| instance | build flags | KAT |
|---|---|---|
MAMBA-Viper-128 |
guide | PASS |
MAMBA-Viper-192 |
guide | PASS |
MAMBA-Viper-256 |
guide | PASS |
MAMBA-Viper-384 |
guide | PASS |
MAMBA-Viper-512 |
guide | PASS |
4. Performance
| instance | operation | mean cycles | mean time | ops/s | median trial | n (trials × iters) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MAMBA-Viper-128 |
keygen | 225.5 k | 108 µs | 9.27e+03 | 108 µs | 41265 (5 × 8253) |
MAMBA-Viper-128 |
enc | 349.4 k | 167 µs | 5.99e+03 | 167 µs | 28820 (5 × 5764) |
MAMBA-Viper-128 |
dec | 422.5 k | 202 µs | 4.95e+03 | 202 µs | 23745 (5 × 4749) |
MAMBA-Viper-192 |
keygen | 479.3 k | 229 µs | 4.36e+03 | 229 µs | 20505 (5 × 4101) |
MAMBA-Viper-192 |
enc | 654.3 k | 313 µs | 3.2e+03 | 313 µs | 13615 (5 × 2723) |
MAMBA-Viper-192 |
dec | 747.5 k | 358 µs | 2.8e+03 | 358 µs | 13695 (5 × 2739) |
MAMBA-Viper-256 |
keygen | 798.2 k | 382 µs | 2.62e+03 | 382 µs | 12555 (5 × 2511) |
MAMBA-Viper-256 |
enc | 1.01 M | 485 µs | 2.06e+03 | 485 µs | 10130 (5 × 2026) |
MAMBA-Viper-256 |
dec | 1.12 M | 537 µs | 1.86e+03 | 537 µs | 9165 (5 × 1833) |
MAMBA-Viper-384 |
keygen | 2.35 M | 1.12 ms | 891 | 1.12 ms | 4325 (5 × 865) |
MAMBA-Viper-384 |
enc | 2.70 M | 1.29 ms | 774 | 1.29 ms | 3870 (5 × 774) |
MAMBA-Viper-384 |
dec | 2.88 M | 1.38 ms | 727 | 1.38 ms | 3590 (5 × 718) |
MAMBA-Viper-512 |
keygen | 3.79 M | 1.81 ms | 552 | 1.81 ms | 2705 (5 × 541) |
MAMBA-Viper-512 |
enc | 4.24 M | 2.03 ms | 494 | 2.03 ms | 2460 (5 × 492) |
MAMBA-Viper-512 |
dec | 4.45 M | 2.13 ms | 470 | 2.13 ms | 2290 (5 × 458) |
5. Resource consumption
Static memory is approximated by the library's loadable ELF segments; peak memory is the process high-water mark (VmHWM) including the benchmark driver and libc, so both are upper-bound proxies rather than isolated algorithm memory.
| instance | operation | static: ELF image (bytes) | baseline RSS | peak RSS |
|---|---|---|---|---|
MAMBA-Viper-128 |
keygen | 39025 | 1700 KiB | 1796 KiB |
MAMBA-Viper-128 |
enc | 39025 | 1732 KiB | 1796 KiB |
MAMBA-Viper-128 |
dec | 39025 | 1732 KiB | 1796 KiB |
MAMBA-Viper-192 |
keygen | 38849 | 1700 KiB | 1780 KiB |
MAMBA-Viper-192 |
enc | 38849 | 1736 KiB | 1804 KiB |
MAMBA-Viper-192 |
dec | 38849 | 1740 KiB | 1808 KiB |
MAMBA-Viper-256 |
keygen | 39025 | 1704 KiB | 1816 KiB |
MAMBA-Viper-256 |
enc | 39025 | 1736 KiB | 1804 KiB |
MAMBA-Viper-256 |
dec | 39025 | 1744 KiB | 1836 KiB |
MAMBA-Viper-384 |
keygen | 39297 | 1708 KiB | 1832 KiB |
MAMBA-Viper-384 |
enc | 39297 | 1768 KiB | 1888 KiB |
MAMBA-Viper-384 |
dec | 39297 | 1784 KiB | 1884 KiB |
MAMBA-Viper-512 |
keygen | 39425 | 1716 KiB | 1900 KiB |
MAMBA-Viper-512 |
enc | 39425 | 1800 KiB | 1924 KiB |
MAMBA-Viper-512 |
dec | 39425 | 1812 KiB | 1884 KiB |
6. Transmission and storage overhead
External public-key, ciphertext and signature sizes follow the curated performance/external_sizes.csv catalog; secret-key and shared-secret lengths remain API figures. See the size audit for disagreements.
| instance | public key | secret key | ciphertext | shared secret |
|---|---|---|---|---|
MAMBA-Viper-128 |
608 | 1424 | 736 | 16 |
MAMBA-Viper-192 |
992 | 2200 | 1088 | 24 |
MAMBA-Viper-256 |
1312 | 2912 | 1472 | 32 |
MAMBA-Viper-384 |
2496 | 5488 | 2656 | 48 |
MAMBA-Viper-512 |
3200 | 7040 | 3456 | 64 |
Symmetric primitives
Survey verdict: ICCS-only — shake* names are shims over pseudoXOF
Share of each operation spent in the ICCS placeholder hash functions and in the ICCS DRNG (reference build, measured in the same run with link-time wrappers):
| instance | operation | pseudohash/XOF/sm3 | DRNG | calls per operation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
MAMBA-Viper-128 |
keygen | 46% | 6.1% | drng 3, pseudoXOF 8 |
MAMBA-Viper-128 |
enc | 48% | 1.3% | drng 1, pseudoXOF 14 |
MAMBA-Viper-128 |
dec | 46% | 0.0% | pseudoXOF 12 |
MAMBA-Viper-192 |
keygen | 48% | 2.9% | drng 3, pseudoXOF 14 |
MAMBA-Viper-192 |
enc | 47% | 0.7% | drng 1, pseudoXOF 20 |
MAMBA-Viper-192 |
dec | 43% | 0.0% | pseudoXOF 18 |
MAMBA-Viper-256 |
keygen | 47% | 1.7% | drng 3, pseudoXOF 22 |
MAMBA-Viper-256 |
enc | 45% | 0.5% | drng 1, pseudoXOF 28 |
MAMBA-Viper-256 |
dec | 42% | 0.0% | pseudoXOF 26 |
MAMBA-Viper-384 |
keygen | 47% | 0.6% | drng 3, pseudoXOF 58 |
MAMBA-Viper-384 |
enc | 46% | 0.2% | drng 1, pseudoXOF 64 |
MAMBA-Viper-384 |
dec | 43% | 0.0% | pseudoXOF 62 |
MAMBA-Viper-512 |
keygen | 46% | 0.4% | drng 3, pseudoXOF 92 |
MAMBA-Viper-512 |
enc | 45% | 0.1% | drng 1, pseudoXOF 98 |
MAMBA-Viper-512 |
dec | 43% | 0.0% | pseudoXOF 96 |
7. Raw evidence index
Paths are relative to performance/data/x86_1/ in the harness; each JSON file records its commands, environment and trials.
| instance | item | file |
|---|---|---|
MAMBA-Viper-128 |
KAT log (sha256 c929a08da4556dde…) |
kat/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-128.log |
MAMBA-Viper-128 |
timing dec | records/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-128__dec.json |
MAMBA-Viper-128 |
timing enc | records/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-128__enc.json |
MAMBA-Viper-128 |
timing keygen | records/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-128__keygen.json |
MAMBA-Viper-128 |
hash profile dec | profile/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-128__dec.json |
MAMBA-Viper-128 |
hash profile enc | profile/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-128__enc.json |
MAMBA-Viper-128 |
hash profile keygen | profile/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-128__keygen.json |
MAMBA-Viper-192 |
KAT log (sha256 7989ee0a5a1d29d4…) |
kat/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-192.log |
MAMBA-Viper-192 |
timing dec | records/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-192__dec.json |
MAMBA-Viper-192 |
timing enc | records/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-192__enc.json |
MAMBA-Viper-192 |
timing keygen | records/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-192__keygen.json |
MAMBA-Viper-192 |
hash profile dec | profile/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-192__dec.json |
MAMBA-Viper-192 |
hash profile enc | profile/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-192__enc.json |
MAMBA-Viper-192 |
hash profile keygen | profile/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-192__keygen.json |
MAMBA-Viper-256 |
KAT log (sha256 4973cbbfe3b158d6…) |
kat/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-256.log |
MAMBA-Viper-256 |
timing dec | records/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-256__dec.json |
MAMBA-Viper-256 |
timing enc | records/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-256__enc.json |
MAMBA-Viper-256 |
timing keygen | records/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-256__keygen.json |
MAMBA-Viper-256 |
hash profile dec | profile/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-256__dec.json |
MAMBA-Viper-256 |
hash profile enc | profile/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-256__enc.json |
MAMBA-Viper-256 |
hash profile keygen | profile/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-256__keygen.json |
MAMBA-Viper-384 |
KAT log (sha256 19a9309b0ce2dbaa…) |
kat/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-384.log |
MAMBA-Viper-384 |
timing dec | records/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-384__dec.json |
MAMBA-Viper-384 |
timing enc | records/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-384__enc.json |
MAMBA-Viper-384 |
timing keygen | records/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-384__keygen.json |
MAMBA-Viper-384 |
hash profile dec | profile/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-384__dec.json |
MAMBA-Viper-384 |
hash profile enc | profile/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-384__enc.json |
MAMBA-Viper-384 |
hash profile keygen | profile/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-384__keygen.json |
MAMBA-Viper-512 |
KAT log (sha256 285cfc3817b9d9a8…) |
kat/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-512.log |
MAMBA-Viper-512 |
timing dec | records/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-512__dec.json |
MAMBA-Viper-512 |
timing enc | records/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-512__enc.json |
MAMBA-Viper-512 |
timing keygen | records/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-512__keygen.json |
MAMBA-Viper-512 |
hash profile dec | profile/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-512__dec.json |
MAMBA-Viper-512 |
hash profile enc | profile/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-512__enc.json |
MAMBA-Viper-512 |
hash profile keygen | profile/kem-21/MAMBA-Viper-512__keygen.json |
Scripts: performance/campaign.py, performance/ngcc_perf.c, performance/hashprof/ in the harness.