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Performance measurements › x86_1 › kem-37 · system: x86_1 · arm_1

kem-37 TriQ-KEM — performance on x86-64 (system x86_1)

Independent measurement following the structure of the NICCS x86 self-assessment guide, §3.5 (1)–(7). Not a submitter self-assessment.

1. Basic information

2. Assessment environment

item value
processor 12th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-12700 (CPU 2, one core)
clock max 2.10 GHz, governor performance, turbo off, SMT off
memory 31788 MiB
OS / kernel Debian GNU/Linux 13 (trixie) / 6.12.107+deb13-amd64
compiler / build tool gcc (Debian 14.2.0-19) 14.2.0 / cmake version 3.31.6
campaign start / end (UTC) 2026-09-25T10:02:21 / 2026-09-28T10:51:21

3. Functional testing (KAT)

Each library was checked against the submitted KAT vectors (SHA-256 manifest kem-37/kat.sha256 in the harness) before timing.

instance build flags KAT
TriQ-KEM-128 guide PASS
TriQ-KEM-256 guide PASS
TriQ-KEM-384 guide PASS
TriQ-KEM-512 guide PASS

4. Performance

instance operation mean cycles mean time ops/s median trial n (trials × iters)
TriQ-KEM-128 keygen 3.92 M 1.87 ms 534 1.87 ms 2625 (5 × 525)
TriQ-KEM-128 enc 7.41 M 3.54 ms 282 3.54 ms 1400 (5 × 280)
TriQ-KEM-128 dec 11.21 M 5.35 ms 187 5.35 ms 930 (5 × 186)
TriQ-KEM-256 keygen 21.48 M 10.3 ms 97.5 10.3 ms 485 (5 × 97)
TriQ-KEM-256 enc 42.49 M 20.3 ms 49.3 20.3 ms 250 (5 × 50)
TriQ-KEM-256 dec 63.63 M 30.4 ms 32.9 30.4 ms 165 (5 × 33)
TriQ-KEM-384 keygen 57.31 M 27.4 ms 36.5 27.4 ms 185 (5 × 37)
TriQ-KEM-384 enc 113.81 M 54.4 ms 18.4 54.4 ms 100 (5 × 20)
TriQ-KEM-384 dec 171.18 M 81.8 ms 12.2 81.8 ms 100 (5 × 20)
TriQ-KEM-512 keygen 122.30 M 58.4 ms 17.1 58.4 ms 100 (5 × 20)
TriQ-KEM-512 enc 242.32 M 116 ms 8.64 116 ms 100 (5 × 20)
TriQ-KEM-512 dec 362.24 M 173 ms 5.78 173 ms 100 (5 × 20)

5. Resource consumption

Static memory is approximated by the library's loadable ELF segments; peak memory is the process high-water mark (VmHWM) including the benchmark driver and libc, so both are upper-bound proxies rather than isolated algorithm memory.

instance operation static: ELF image (bytes) baseline RSS peak RSS
TriQ-KEM-128 keygen 42477 1724 KiB 1840 KiB
TriQ-KEM-128 enc 42477 1776 KiB 1844 KiB
TriQ-KEM-128 dec 42477 1780 KiB 1872 KiB
TriQ-KEM-256 keygen 45957 1736 KiB 1972 KiB
TriQ-KEM-256 enc 45957 1892 KiB 2004 KiB
TriQ-KEM-256 dec 45957 1916 KiB 2004 KiB
TriQ-KEM-384 keygen 54893 1768 KiB 2100 KiB
TriQ-KEM-384 enc 54893 2064 KiB 2184 KiB
TriQ-KEM-384 dec 54893 2144 KiB 2228 KiB
TriQ-KEM-512 keygen 62041 1808 KiB 2272 KiB
TriQ-KEM-512 enc 62041 2300 KiB 2408 KiB
TriQ-KEM-512 dec 62041 2384 KiB 2480 KiB

6. Transmission and storage overhead

External public-key, ciphertext and signature sizes follow the curated performance/external_sizes.csv catalog; secret-key and shared-secret lengths remain API figures. See the size audit for disagreements.

instance public key secret key ciphertext shared secret
TriQ-KEM-128 2054 2102 4086 16
TriQ-KEM-256 6328 6424 12472 32
TriQ-KEM-384 12255 12399 24335 48
TriQ-KEM-512 19768 19960 39320 64

Symmetric primitives

Survey verdict: ICCS-only

Share of each operation spent in the ICCS placeholder hash functions and in the ICCS DRNG (reference build, measured in the same run with link-time wrappers):

instance operation pseudohash/XOF/sm3 DRNG calls per operation
TriQ-KEM-128 keygen 12% 0.3% drng 2, pseudoXOF 8, sm3hash 1
TriQ-KEM-128 enc 6.1% 0.2% drng 2, pseudoXOF 6.02, sm3hash 2
TriQ-KEM-128 dec 4.6% 0.0% pseudoXOF 6, sm3hash 3
TriQ-KEM-256 keygen 4.1% 0.1% drng 2, pseudoXOF 9.1
TriQ-KEM-256 enc 2.9% 0.0% drng 2, pseudoXOF 8, pseudohash 1, sm3hash 1
TriQ-KEM-256 dec 2.3% 0.0% pseudoXOF 8, pseudohash 1, sm3hash 2
TriQ-KEM-384 keygen 2.9% 0.0% drng 2, pseudoXOF 10.9
TriQ-KEM-384 enc 2.0% 0.0% drng 2, pseudoXOF 9, pseudohash 1
TriQ-KEM-384 dec 1.9% 0.0% pseudoXOF 10, pseudohash 1
TriQ-KEM-512 keygen 3.7% 0.0% drng 2, pseudoXOF 10.9
TriQ-KEM-512 enc 2.6% 0.0% drng 2, pseudoXOF 11.2, pseudohash 1
TriQ-KEM-512 dec 2.2% 0.0% pseudoXOF 12, pseudohash 1

7. Raw evidence index

Paths are relative to performance/data/x86_1/ in the harness; each JSON file records its commands, environment and trials.

instance item file
TriQ-KEM-128 KAT log (sha256 440a979fa2a19c57…) kat/kem-37/TriQ-KEM-128.log
TriQ-KEM-128 timing dec records/kem-37/TriQ-KEM-128__dec.json
TriQ-KEM-128 timing enc records/kem-37/TriQ-KEM-128__enc.json
TriQ-KEM-128 timing keygen records/kem-37/TriQ-KEM-128__keygen.json
TriQ-KEM-128 hash profile dec profile/kem-37/TriQ-KEM-128__dec.json
TriQ-KEM-128 hash profile enc profile/kem-37/TriQ-KEM-128__enc.json
TriQ-KEM-128 hash profile keygen profile/kem-37/TriQ-KEM-128__keygen.json
TriQ-KEM-256 KAT log (sha256 10b6c7648cd3bbb5…) kat/kem-37/TriQ-KEM-256.log
TriQ-KEM-256 timing dec records/kem-37/TriQ-KEM-256__dec.json
TriQ-KEM-256 timing enc records/kem-37/TriQ-KEM-256__enc.json
TriQ-KEM-256 timing keygen records/kem-37/TriQ-KEM-256__keygen.json
TriQ-KEM-256 hash profile dec profile/kem-37/TriQ-KEM-256__dec.json
TriQ-KEM-256 hash profile enc profile/kem-37/TriQ-KEM-256__enc.json
TriQ-KEM-256 hash profile keygen profile/kem-37/TriQ-KEM-256__keygen.json
TriQ-KEM-384 KAT log (sha256 bbf322220cf9be79…) kat/kem-37/TriQ-KEM-384.log
TriQ-KEM-384 timing dec records/kem-37/TriQ-KEM-384__dec.json
TriQ-KEM-384 timing enc records/kem-37/TriQ-KEM-384__enc.json
TriQ-KEM-384 timing keygen records/kem-37/TriQ-KEM-384__keygen.json
TriQ-KEM-384 hash profile dec profile/kem-37/TriQ-KEM-384__dec.json
TriQ-KEM-384 hash profile enc profile/kem-37/TriQ-KEM-384__enc.json
TriQ-KEM-384 hash profile keygen profile/kem-37/TriQ-KEM-384__keygen.json
TriQ-KEM-512 KAT log (sha256 5894523014ae0d3b…) kat/kem-37/TriQ-KEM-512.log
TriQ-KEM-512 timing dec records/kem-37/TriQ-KEM-512__dec.json
TriQ-KEM-512 timing enc records/kem-37/TriQ-KEM-512__enc.json
TriQ-KEM-512 timing keygen records/kem-37/TriQ-KEM-512__keygen.json
TriQ-KEM-512 hash profile dec profile/kem-37/TriQ-KEM-512__dec.json
TriQ-KEM-512 hash profile enc profile/kem-37/TriQ-KEM-512__enc.json
TriQ-KEM-512 hash profile keygen profile/kem-37/TriQ-KEM-512__keygen.json

Scripts: performance/campaign.py, performance/ngcc_perf.c, performance/hashprof/ in the harness.