Performance measurements › x86_1 › sign-03 · system: x86_1 · arm_1

sign-03 CEDRUS+C — performance on x86-64 (system x86_1)

Independent measurement following the structure of the NICCS x86 self-assessment guide, §3.5 (1)–(7). Not a submitter self-assessment.

1. Basic information

Category: public-key algorithm; function: digital signature
Algorithm: CEDRUS+C
Implementation versions measured: reference
Parameter sets: CEDRUSC-160f, CEDRUSC-160s, CEDRUSC-256f, CEDRUSC-256s, CEDRUSC-384f, CEDRUSC-384s, CEDRUSC-512f, CEDRUSC-512s
Security evaluation: sign-03 report
Measurement method: x86_1 method
Submission: NICCS page

2. Assessment environment

item	value
processor	12th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-12700 (CPU 2, one core)
clock	max 2.10 GHz, governor performance, turbo off, SMT off
memory	31788 MiB
OS / kernel	Debian GNU/Linux 13 (trixie) / 6.12.107+deb13-amd64
compiler / build tool	gcc (Debian 14.2.0-19) 14.2.0 / cmake version 3.31.6
campaign start / end (UTC)	2026-09-25T10:02:21 / 2026-09-28T10:51:21

3. Functional testing (KAT)

Each library was checked against the submitted KAT vectors (SHA-256 manifest sign-03/kat.sha256 in the harness) before timing.

instance	build flags	KAT
`CEDRUSC-160f`	guide	PASS
`CEDRUSC-160s`	guide	PASS
`CEDRUSC-256f`	guide	PASS
`CEDRUSC-256s`	guide	PASS
`CEDRUSC-384f`	guide	PASS
`CEDRUSC-384s`	guide	PASS
`CEDRUSC-512f`	guide	PASS
`CEDRUSC-512s`	guide	PASS

4. Performance

instance	operation	mean cycles	mean time	ops/s	median trial	n (trials × iters)
`CEDRUSC-160f`	keygen	14.36 M	6.86 ms	146	6.85 ms	730 (5 × 146)
`CEDRUSC-160f`	sign	513.49 M	247 ms	4.05	245 ms	100 (5 × 20)
`CEDRUSC-160f`	verify	15.34 M	7.34 ms	136	7.33 ms	685 (5 × 137)
`CEDRUSC-160s`	keygen	583.25 M	280 ms	3.57	279 ms	100 (5 × 20)
`CEDRUSC-160s`	sign	8.65 G	4.15 s	0.241	4.15 s	100 (5 × 20)
`CEDRUSC-160s`	verify	20.99 M	10 ms	99.8	9.98 ms	495 (5 × 99)
`CEDRUSC-256f`	keygen	46.43 M	22.2 ms	45.1	22.2 ms	225 (5 × 45)
`CEDRUSC-256f`	sign	1.24 G	593 ms	1.69	593 ms	100 (5 × 20)
`CEDRUSC-256f`	verify	21.30 M	10.2 ms	98.3	10.2 ms	495 (5 × 99)
`CEDRUSC-256s`	keygen	964.78 M	464 ms	2.16	461 ms	100 (5 × 20)
`CEDRUSC-256s`	sign	12.74 G	6.11 s	0.164	6.1 s	100 (5 × 20)
`CEDRUSC-256s`	verify	35.11 M	16.8 ms	59.6	16.8 ms	300 (5 × 60)
`CEDRUSC-384f`	keygen	656.21 M	315 ms	3.18	313 ms	100 (5 × 20)
`CEDRUSC-384f`	sign	12.48 G	5.99 s	0.167	5.99 s	100 (5 × 20)
`CEDRUSC-384f`	verify	125.86 M	60.1 ms	16.6	60.1 ms	100 (5 × 20)
`CEDRUSC-384s`	keygen	3.27 G	1.57 s	0.637	1.57 s	100 (5 × 20)
`CEDRUSC-384s`	sign	48.20 G	23.1 s	0.0433	23.1 s	35 (5 × 7)
`CEDRUSC-384s`	verify	53.33 M	25.5 ms	39.3	25.5 ms	195 (5 × 39)
`CEDRUSC-512f`	keygen	1.76 G	845 ms	1.18	847 ms	100 (5 × 20)
`CEDRUSC-512f`	sign	24.73 G	11.9 s	0.0843	11.9 s	75 (5 × 15)
`CEDRUSC-512f`	verify	157.20 M	75.1 ms	13.3	75.1 ms	100 (5 × 20)
`CEDRUSC-512s`	keygen	7.00 G	3.34 s	0.299	3.34 s	100 (5 × 20)
`CEDRUSC-512s`	sign	86.78 G	41.4 s	0.0241	41.4 s	20 (5 × 4)
`CEDRUSC-512s`	verify	115.31 M	55.1 ms	18.2	55.1 ms	100 (5 × 20)

5. Resource consumption

Static memory is approximated by the library's loadable ELF segments; peak memory is the process high-water mark (VmHWM) including the benchmark driver and libc, so both are upper-bound proxies rather than isolated algorithm memory.

instance	operation	static: ELF image (bytes)	baseline RSS	peak RSS
`CEDRUSC-160f`	keygen	29305	1728 KiB	1796 KiB
`CEDRUSC-160f`	sign	29305	1708 KiB	1820 KiB
`CEDRUSC-160f`	verify	29305	1680 KiB	1808 KiB
`CEDRUSC-160s`	keygen	29201	1684 KiB	1808 KiB
`CEDRUSC-160s`	sign	29201	1720 KiB	1784 KiB
`CEDRUSC-160s`	verify	29201	1708 KiB	1808 KiB
`CEDRUSC-256f`	keygen	29681	1740 KiB	1836 KiB
`CEDRUSC-256f`	sign	29681	1728 KiB	1840 KiB
`CEDRUSC-256f`	verify	29681	1700 KiB	1828 KiB
`CEDRUSC-256s`	keygen	29609	1736 KiB	1812 KiB
`CEDRUSC-256s`	sign	29609	1728 KiB	1824 KiB
`CEDRUSC-256s`	verify	29609	1732 KiB	1816 KiB
`CEDRUSC-384f`	keygen	30169	1784 KiB	1888 KiB
`CEDRUSC-384f`	sign	30169	1788 KiB	1856 KiB
`CEDRUSC-384f`	verify	30169	1796 KiB	1872 KiB
`CEDRUSC-384s`	keygen	30385	1748 KiB	1884 KiB
`CEDRUSC-384s`	sign	30385	1780 KiB	1872 KiB
`CEDRUSC-384s`	verify	30385	1772 KiB	1860 KiB
`CEDRUSC-512f`	keygen	30865	1820 KiB	1912 KiB
`CEDRUSC-512f`	sign	30865	1844 KiB	1928 KiB
`CEDRUSC-512f`	verify	30865	1840 KiB	1948 KiB
`CEDRUSC-512s`	keygen	30729	1788 KiB	1908 KiB
`CEDRUSC-512s`	sign	30729	1788 KiB	1920 KiB
`CEDRUSC-512s`	verify	30729	1812 KiB	1916 KiB

6. Transmission and storage overhead

External public-key, ciphertext and signature sizes follow the curated performance/external_sizes.csv catalog; secret-key and shared-secret lengths remain API figures. See the size audit for disagreements.

instance	public key	secret key	signature
`CEDRUSC-160f`	40	80	19812
`CEDRUSC-160s`	40	80	9460
`CEDRUSC-256f`	64	128	43548
`CEDRUSC-256s`	64	128	24104
`CEDRUSC-384f`	96	192	75988
`CEDRUSC-384s`	96	192	61572
`CEDRUSC-512f`	128	256	121520
`CEDRUSC-512s`	128	256	98212

Symmetric primitives

Survey verdict: ICCS-only

Share of each operation spent in the ICCS placeholder hash functions and in the ICCS DRNG (reference build, measured in the same run with link-time wrappers):

instance	operation	pseudohash/XOF/sm3	DRNG	calls per operation
`CEDRUSC-160f`	keygen	98%	0.0%	drng 1, sm3hash 5.01e+03
`CEDRUSC-160f`	sign	98%	0.0%	drng 1, pseudoXOF 456, sm3hash 1.79e+05
`CEDRUSC-160f`	verify	98%	0.0%	pseudoXOF 1, sm3hash 5.3e+03
`CEDRUSC-160s`	keygen	98%	0.0%	drng 1, sm3hash 2.05e+05
`CEDRUSC-160s`	sign	98%	0.0%	drng 1, pseudoXOF 3.32e+04, sm3hash 2.99e+06
`CEDRUSC-160s`	verify	98%	0.0%	pseudoXOF 1, sm3hash 7.34e+03
`CEDRUSC-256f`	keygen	98%	0.0%	drng 1, sm3hash 1.62e+04
`CEDRUSC-256f`	sign	98%	0.0%	drng 1, pseudoXOF 708, sm3hash 4.25e+05
`CEDRUSC-256f`	verify	98%	0.0%	pseudoXOF 1, sm3hash 7.1e+03
`CEDRUSC-256s`	keygen	98%	0.0%	drng 1, sm3hash 3.4e+05
`CEDRUSC-256s`	sign	98%	0.0%	drng 1, pseudoXOF 3.11e+04, sm3hash 4.34e+06
`CEDRUSC-256s`	verify	98%	0.0%	pseudoXOF 1, sm3hash 1.22e+04
`CEDRUSC-384f`	keygen	99%	0.0%	drng 1, pseudoXOF 7.79e+04
`CEDRUSC-384f`	sign	99%	0.0%	drng 1, pseudoXOF 1.48e+06
`CEDRUSC-384f`	verify	99%	0.0%	pseudoXOF 1.48e+04
`CEDRUSC-384s`	keygen	99%	0.0%	drng 1, pseudoXOF 3.86e+05
`CEDRUSC-384s`	sign	99%	0.0%	drng 1, pseudoXOF 5.46e+06
`CEDRUSC-384s`	verify	99%	0.0%	pseudoXOF 6.19e+03
`CEDRUSC-512f`	keygen	99%	0.0%	drng 1, pseudoXOF 2.08e+05
`CEDRUSC-512f`	sign	99%	0.0%	drng 1, pseudoXOF 2.88e+06
`CEDRUSC-512f`	verify	99%	0.0%	pseudoXOF 1.81e+04
`CEDRUSC-512s`	keygen	99%	0.0%	drng 1, pseudoXOF 8.28e+05
`CEDRUSC-512s`	sign	99%	0.0%	drng 1, pseudoXOF 9.97e+06
`CEDRUSC-512s`	verify	99%	0.0%	pseudoXOF 1.33e+04

7. Raw evidence index

Paths are relative to performance/data/x86_1/ in the harness; each JSON file records its commands, environment and trials.

instance	item	file
`CEDRUSC-160f`	KAT log (sha256 `ba942570c052899c…`)	`kat/sign-03/CEDRUSC-160f.log`
`CEDRUSC-160f`	timing keygen	`records/sign-03/CEDRUSC-160f__keygen.json`
`CEDRUSC-160f`	timing sign	`records/sign-03/CEDRUSC-160f__sign.json`
`CEDRUSC-160f`	timing verify	`records/sign-03/CEDRUSC-160f__verify.json`
`CEDRUSC-160f`	hash profile keygen	`profile/sign-03/CEDRUSC-160f__keygen.json`
`CEDRUSC-160f`	hash profile sign	`profile/sign-03/CEDRUSC-160f__sign.json`
`CEDRUSC-160f`	hash profile verify	`profile/sign-03/CEDRUSC-160f__verify.json`
`CEDRUSC-160s`	KAT log (sha256 `86580d87f29b4483…`)	`kat/sign-03/CEDRUSC-160s.log`
`CEDRUSC-160s`	timing keygen	`records/sign-03/CEDRUSC-160s__keygen.json`
`CEDRUSC-160s`	timing sign	`records/sign-03/CEDRUSC-160s__sign.json`
`CEDRUSC-160s`	timing verify	`records/sign-03/CEDRUSC-160s__verify.json`
`CEDRUSC-160s`	hash profile keygen	`profile/sign-03/CEDRUSC-160s__keygen.json`
`CEDRUSC-160s`	hash profile sign	`profile/sign-03/CEDRUSC-160s__sign.json`
`CEDRUSC-160s`	hash profile verify	`profile/sign-03/CEDRUSC-160s__verify.json`
`CEDRUSC-256f`	KAT log (sha256 `9edafcfc864d5524…`)	`kat/sign-03/CEDRUSC-256f.log`
`CEDRUSC-256f`	timing keygen	`records/sign-03/CEDRUSC-256f__keygen.json`
`CEDRUSC-256f`	timing sign	`records/sign-03/CEDRUSC-256f__sign.json`
`CEDRUSC-256f`	timing verify	`records/sign-03/CEDRUSC-256f__verify.json`
`CEDRUSC-256f`	hash profile keygen	`profile/sign-03/CEDRUSC-256f__keygen.json`
`CEDRUSC-256f`	hash profile sign	`profile/sign-03/CEDRUSC-256f__sign.json`
`CEDRUSC-256f`	hash profile verify	`profile/sign-03/CEDRUSC-256f__verify.json`
`CEDRUSC-256s`	KAT log (sha256 `3559b91fe71e81c9…`)	`kat/sign-03/CEDRUSC-256s.log`
`CEDRUSC-256s`	timing keygen	`records/sign-03/CEDRUSC-256s__keygen.json`
`CEDRUSC-256s`	timing sign	`records/sign-03/CEDRUSC-256s__sign.json`
`CEDRUSC-256s`	timing verify	`records/sign-03/CEDRUSC-256s__verify.json`
`CEDRUSC-256s`	hash profile keygen	`profile/sign-03/CEDRUSC-256s__keygen.json`
`CEDRUSC-256s`	hash profile sign	`profile/sign-03/CEDRUSC-256s__sign.json`
`CEDRUSC-256s`	hash profile verify	`profile/sign-03/CEDRUSC-256s__verify.json`
`CEDRUSC-384f`	KAT log (sha256 `8d39bd0b1ff6aa3a…`)	`kat/sign-03/CEDRUSC-384f.log`
`CEDRUSC-384f`	timing keygen	`records/sign-03/CEDRUSC-384f__keygen.json`
`CEDRUSC-384f`	timing sign	`records/sign-03/CEDRUSC-384f__sign.json`
`CEDRUSC-384f`	timing verify	`records/sign-03/CEDRUSC-384f__verify.json`
`CEDRUSC-384f`	hash profile keygen	`profile/sign-03/CEDRUSC-384f__keygen.json`
`CEDRUSC-384f`	hash profile sign	`profile/sign-03/CEDRUSC-384f__sign.json`
`CEDRUSC-384f`	hash profile verify	`profile/sign-03/CEDRUSC-384f__verify.json`
`CEDRUSC-384s`	KAT log (sha256 `41c2d712f187c7ab…`)	`kat/sign-03/CEDRUSC-384s.log`
`CEDRUSC-384s`	timing keygen	`records/sign-03/CEDRUSC-384s__keygen.json`
`CEDRUSC-384s`	timing sign	`records/sign-03/CEDRUSC-384s__sign.json`
`CEDRUSC-384s`	timing verify	`records/sign-03/CEDRUSC-384s__verify.json`
`CEDRUSC-384s`	hash profile keygen	`profile/sign-03/CEDRUSC-384s__keygen.json`
`CEDRUSC-384s`	hash profile sign	`profile/sign-03/CEDRUSC-384s__sign.json`
`CEDRUSC-384s`	hash profile verify	`profile/sign-03/CEDRUSC-384s__verify.json`
`CEDRUSC-512f`	KAT log (sha256 `784ab77dd8c07bbe…`)	`kat/sign-03/CEDRUSC-512f.log`
`CEDRUSC-512f`	timing keygen	`records/sign-03/CEDRUSC-512f__keygen.json`
`CEDRUSC-512f`	timing sign	`records/sign-03/CEDRUSC-512f__sign.json`
`CEDRUSC-512f`	timing verify	`records/sign-03/CEDRUSC-512f__verify.json`
`CEDRUSC-512f`	hash profile keygen	`profile/sign-03/CEDRUSC-512f__keygen.json`
`CEDRUSC-512f`	hash profile sign	`profile/sign-03/CEDRUSC-512f__sign.json`
`CEDRUSC-512f`	hash profile verify	`profile/sign-03/CEDRUSC-512f__verify.json`
`CEDRUSC-512s`	KAT log (sha256 `17c045bb905079a5…`)	`kat/sign-03/CEDRUSC-512s.log`
`CEDRUSC-512s`	timing keygen	`records/sign-03/CEDRUSC-512s__keygen.json`
`CEDRUSC-512s`	timing sign	`records/sign-03/CEDRUSC-512s__sign.json`
`CEDRUSC-512s`	timing verify	`records/sign-03/CEDRUSC-512s__verify.json`
`CEDRUSC-512s`	hash profile keygen	`profile/sign-03/CEDRUSC-512s__keygen.json`
`CEDRUSC-512s`	hash profile sign	`profile/sign-03/CEDRUSC-512s__sign.json`
`CEDRUSC-512s`	hash profile verify	`profile/sign-03/CEDRUSC-512s__verify.json`

Scripts: performance/campaign.py, performance/ngcc_perf.c, performance/hashprof/ in the harness.