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Performance measurements › x86_1 › sign-34 · system: x86_1 · arm_1

sign-34 YuanYang.DSA — performance on x86-64 (system x86_1)

Independent measurement following the structure of the NICCS x86 self-assessment guide, §3.5 (1)–(7). Not a submitter self-assessment.

1. Basic information

2. Assessment environment

item value
processor 12th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-12700 (CPU 2, one core)
clock max 2.10 GHz, governor performance, turbo off, SMT off
memory 31788 MiB
OS / kernel Debian GNU/Linux 13 (trixie) / 6.12.107+deb13-amd64
compiler / build tool gcc (Debian 14.2.0-19) 14.2.0 / cmake version 3.31.6
campaign start / end (UTC) 2026-09-25T10:02:21 / 2026-09-28T10:51:21

3. Functional testing (KAT)

Each library was checked against the submitted KAT vectors (SHA-256 manifest sign-34/kat.sha256 in the harness) before timing.

instance build flags KAT
yuanyang-512 guide PASS
yuanyang-1024 guide PASS
yuanyang-2048 guide PASS

4. Performance

instance operation mean cycles mean time ops/s median trial n (trials × iters)
yuanyang-512 keygen 17.05 M 8.16 ms 122 8.16 ms 890 (5 × 178)
yuanyang-512 sign 9.00 M 4.3 ms 233 4.3 ms 880 (5 × 176)
yuanyang-512 verify 210.7 k 101 µs 9.93e+03 101 µs 41315 (5 × 8263)
yuanyang-1024 keygen 19.76 M 9.46 ms 106 9.46 ms 530 (5 × 106)
yuanyang-1024 sign 14.65 M 7 ms 143 7 ms 755 (5 × 151)
yuanyang-1024 verify 461.1 k 220 µs 4.54e+03 220 µs 19735 (5 × 3947)
yuanyang-2048 keygen 88.03 M 42.6 ms 23.5 42.6 ms 130 (5 × 26)
yuanyang-2048 sign 46.36 M 22.2 ms 45.1 22.2 ms 145 (5 × 29)
yuanyang-2048 verify 1.02 M 487 µs 2.05e+03 487 µs 9460 (5 × 1892)

5. Resource consumption

Static memory is approximated by the library's loadable ELF segments; peak memory is the process high-water mark (VmHWM) including the benchmark driver and libc, so both are upper-bound proxies rather than isolated algorithm memory.

instance operation static: ELF image (bytes) baseline RSS peak RSS
yuanyang-512 keygen 170949 2128 KiB 3744 KiB
yuanyang-512 sign 170949 2804 KiB 2828 KiB
yuanyang-512 verify 170949 2752 KiB 2752 KiB
yuanyang-1024 keygen 225029 2224 KiB 3996 KiB
yuanyang-1024 sign 225029 3060 KiB 3156 KiB
yuanyang-1024 verify 225029 3164 KiB 3164 KiB
yuanyang-2048 keygen 346213 2252 KiB 6496 KiB
yuanyang-2048 sign 346213 3500 KiB 5796 KiB
yuanyang-2048 verify 346213 3824 KiB 5632 KiB

6. Transmission and storage overhead

External public-key, ciphertext and signature sizes follow the curated performance/external_sizes.csv catalog; secret-key and shared-secret lengths remain API figures. See the size audit for disagreements.

instance public key secret key signature
yuanyang-512 738 15584 561
yuanyang-1024 1570 31264 1150
yuanyang-2048 3330 62720 2364

Symmetric primitives

Survey verdict: ICCS-only

Share of each operation spent in the ICCS placeholder hash functions and in the ICCS DRNG (reference build, measured in the same run with link-time wrappers):

instance operation pseudohash/XOF/sm3 DRNG calls per operation
yuanyang-512 keygen 0.0% 24% drng 83.4
yuanyang-512 sign 1.9% 38% drng 67.9, pseudoXOF 1.44, sm3hash 1
yuanyang-512 verify 59% 0.0% pseudoXOF 1, sm3hash 1
yuanyang-1024 keygen 0.0% 4.2% drng 16.5
yuanyang-1024 sign 1.8% 36% drng 105, pseudoXOF 1.05, sm3hash 1
yuanyang-1024 verify 54% 0.0% pseudoXOF 1, sm3hash 1
yuanyang-2048 keygen 0.0% 19% drng 347
yuanyang-2048 sign 1.7% 38% drng 359, pseudoXOF 1.79, sm3hash 1
yuanyang-2048 verify 49% 0.0% pseudoXOF 1, sm3hash 1

7. Raw evidence index

Paths are relative to performance/data/x86_1/ in the harness; each JSON file records its commands, environment and trials.

instance item file
yuanyang-512 KAT log (sha256 15822bfdeb307ec0…) kat/sign-34/yuanyang-512.log
yuanyang-512 timing keygen records/sign-34/yuanyang-512__keygen.json
yuanyang-512 timing sign records/sign-34/yuanyang-512__sign.json
yuanyang-512 timing verify records/sign-34/yuanyang-512__verify.json
yuanyang-512 hash profile keygen profile/sign-34/yuanyang-512__keygen.json
yuanyang-512 hash profile sign profile/sign-34/yuanyang-512__sign.json
yuanyang-512 hash profile verify profile/sign-34/yuanyang-512__verify.json
yuanyang-1024 KAT log (sha256 ea6fde6f2d953858…) kat/sign-34/yuanyang-1024.log
yuanyang-1024 timing keygen records/sign-34/yuanyang-1024__keygen.json
yuanyang-1024 timing sign records/sign-34/yuanyang-1024__sign.json
yuanyang-1024 timing verify records/sign-34/yuanyang-1024__verify.json
yuanyang-1024 hash profile keygen profile/sign-34/yuanyang-1024__keygen.json
yuanyang-1024 hash profile sign profile/sign-34/yuanyang-1024__sign.json
yuanyang-1024 hash profile verify profile/sign-34/yuanyang-1024__verify.json
yuanyang-2048 KAT log (sha256 ca6fec2b6085bb9f…) kat/sign-34/yuanyang-2048.log
yuanyang-2048 timing keygen records/sign-34/yuanyang-2048__keygen.json
yuanyang-2048 timing sign records/sign-34/yuanyang-2048__sign.json
yuanyang-2048 timing verify records/sign-34/yuanyang-2048__verify.json
yuanyang-2048 hash profile keygen profile/sign-34/yuanyang-2048__keygen.json
yuanyang-2048 hash profile sign profile/sign-34/yuanyang-2048__sign.json
yuanyang-2048 hash profile verify profile/sign-34/yuanyang-2048__verify.json

Scripts: performance/campaign.py, performance/ngcc_perf.c, performance/hashprof/ in the harness.