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Performance measurements › arm_1 › kem-23 · system: x86_1 · arm_1

kem-23 Mito — performance on AArch64 (system arm_1)

Independent measurement following the structure of the NICCS ARM self-assessment guide, §3.5 (1)–(7). Not a submitter self-assessment.

1. Basic information

2. Assessment environment

item value
processor Qualcomm Oryon (CPU 2, one core)
machine ASUS Vivobook S 15
clock fixed 2.71 GHz (governor performance, minimum = maximum), boost off, SMT none
memory 30562 MiB
OS / kernel Ubuntu 26.04.1 LTS / 7.0.0-34-generic
compiler / build tool gcc (Ubuntu 15.2.0-16ubuntu1) 15.2.0 / cmake version 4.2.3
campaign start / end (UTC) 2026-09-28T15:05:46 / 2026-09-29T08:43:52

3. Functional testing (KAT)

Each library was checked against the submitted KAT vectors (SHA-256 manifest kem-23/kat.sha256 in the harness) before timing.

instance build flags KAT
Mito-1-128 guide PASS
Mito-1-256 guide PASS
Mito-1-512 guide PASS
Mito-1-E-128 guide PASS
Mito-1-E-256 guide PASS
Mito-1-E-512 guide PASS
Mito-2-E-128 guide PASS
Mito-2-E-256 guide PASS
Mito-2-E-512 guide PASS

4. Performance

instance operation mean cycles mean time ops/s median trial n (trials × iters)
Mito-1-128 keygen 7.89 M 2.93 ms 342 2.92 ms 1070 (5 × 214)
Mito-1-128 enc 12.99 M 4.82 ms 207 4.82 ms 655 (5 × 131)
Mito-1-128 dec 18.38 M 6.82 ms 147 6.81 ms 465 (5 × 93)
Mito-1-256 keygen 22.94 M 8.51 ms 117 8.51 ms 370 (5 × 74)
Mito-1-256 enc 38.08 M 14.1 ms 70.8 14.1 ms 225 (5 × 45)
Mito-1-256 dec 53.97 M 20 ms 49.9 20 ms 160 (5 × 32)
Mito-1-512 keygen 139.20 M 51.6 ms 19.4 51.6 ms 100 (5 × 20)
Mito-1-512 enc 231.64 M 85.9 ms 11.6 85.9 ms 100 (5 × 20)
Mito-1-512 dec 326.19 M 121 ms 8.26 121 ms 100 (5 × 20)
Mito-1-E-128 keygen 7.30 M 2.71 ms 369 2.71 ms 1155 (5 × 231)
Mito-1-E-128 enc 12.02 M 4.46 ms 224 4.46 ms 700 (5 × 140)
Mito-1-E-128 dec 16.99 M 6.3 ms 159 6.3 ms 505 (5 × 101)
Mito-1-E-256 keygen 24.34 M 9.03 ms 111 9.03 ms 350 (5 × 70)
Mito-1-E-256 enc 40.39 M 15 ms 66.7 15 ms 215 (5 × 43)
Mito-1-E-256 dec 57.10 M 21.2 ms 47.2 21.2 ms 150 (5 × 30)
Mito-1-E-512 keygen 133.45 M 49.5 ms 20.2 49.5 ms 100 (5 × 20)
Mito-1-E-512 enc 222.03 M 82.4 ms 12.1 82.4 ms 100 (5 × 20)
Mito-1-E-512 dec 312.57 M 116 ms 8.62 116 ms 100 (5 × 20)
Mito-2-E-128 keygen 10.44 M 3.87 ms 258 3.87 ms 800 (5 × 160)
Mito-2-E-128 enc 14.94 M 5.54 ms 180 5.54 ms 570 (5 × 114)
Mito-2-E-128 dec 19.93 M 7.4 ms 135 7.39 ms 430 (5 × 86)
Mito-2-E-256 keygen 32.59 M 12.1 ms 82.7 12.1 ms 260 (5 × 52)
Mito-2-E-256 enc 47.04 M 17.5 ms 57.3 17.4 ms 185 (5 × 37)
Mito-2-E-256 dec 62.44 M 23.2 ms 43.2 23.2 ms 140 (5 × 28)
Mito-2-E-512 keygen 208.48 M 77.4 ms 12.9 77.3 ms 100 (5 × 20)
Mito-2-E-512 enc 301.12 M 112 ms 8.95 112 ms 100 (5 × 20)
Mito-2-E-512 dec 396.73 M 147 ms 6.79 147 ms 100 (5 × 20)

5. Resource consumption

Static memory is approximated by the library's loadable ELF segments; peak memory is the process high-water mark (VmHWM) including the benchmark driver and libc, so both are upper-bound proxies rather than isolated algorithm memory.

instance operation static: ELF image (bytes) baseline RSS peak RSS
Mito-1-128 keygen 51684 1456 KiB 1580 KiB
Mito-1-128 enc 51684 1524 KiB 1596 KiB
Mito-1-128 dec 51684 1540 KiB 1612 KiB
Mito-1-256 keygen 53628 1472 KiB 1672 KiB
Mito-1-256 enc 53628 1636 KiB 1708 KiB
Mito-1-256 dec 53628 1664 KiB 1736 KiB
Mito-1-512 keygen 54204 1532 KiB 1988 KiB
Mito-1-512 enc 54204 2036 KiB 2112 KiB
Mito-1-512 dec 54204 2144 KiB 2212 KiB
Mito-1-E-128 keygen 51796 1456 KiB 1576 KiB
Mito-1-E-128 enc 51796 1520 KiB 1592 KiB
Mito-1-E-128 dec 51796 1536 KiB 1604 KiB
Mito-1-E-256 keygen 53444 1468 KiB 1660 KiB
Mito-1-E-256 enc 53444 1624 KiB 1696 KiB
Mito-1-E-256 dec 53444 3632 KiB 3696 KiB
Mito-1-E-512 keygen 54044 1528 KiB 1968 KiB
Mito-1-E-512 enc 54044 2012 KiB 2080 KiB
Mito-1-E-512 dec 54044 2112 KiB 2180 KiB
Mito-2-E-128 keygen 51924 3464 KiB 3588 KiB
Mito-2-E-128 enc 51924 1528 KiB 1600 KiB
Mito-2-E-128 dec 51924 1544 KiB 1616 KiB
Mito-2-E-256 keygen 53724 1476 KiB 1672 KiB
Mito-2-E-256 enc 53724 1636 KiB 1704 KiB
Mito-2-E-256 dec 53724 3700 KiB 3764 KiB
Mito-2-E-512 keygen 54404 1544 KiB 2000 KiB
Mito-2-E-512 enc 54404 2036 KiB 2108 KiB
Mito-2-E-512 dec 54404 4020 KiB 4084 KiB

6. Transmission and storage overhead

External public-key, ciphertext and signature sizes follow the curated performance/external_sizes.csv catalog; secret-key and shared-secret lengths remain API figures. See the size audit for disagreements.

instance public key secret key ciphertext shared secret
Mito-1-128 3908 4052 5796 64
Mito-1-256 8522 8682 12714 64
Mito-1-512 26630 26822 39878 64
Mito-1-E-128 3720 3864 5512 64
Mito-1-E-256 8130 8290 12130 64
Mito-1-E-512 25674 25866 38442 64
Mito-2-E-128 5192 5336 6440 64
Mito-2-E-256 10828 10988 13484 64
Mito-2-E-512 32712 32904 40840 64

Symmetric primitives

Survey verdict: ICCS-only

Share of each operation spent in the ICCS placeholder hash functions and in the ICCS DRNG (reference build, measured in the same run with link-time wrappers):

instance operation pseudohash/XOF/sm3 DRNG calls per operation
Mito-1-128 keygen 0.4% 12% drng 177, pseudohash 1
Mito-1-128 enc 1.5% 10% drng 266, pseudohash 2
Mito-1-128 dec 2.4% 9.0% drng 351, pseudohash 3
Mito-1-256 keygen 0.1% 6.7% drng 275, pseudohash 1
Mito-1-256 enc 1.0% 5.6% drng 413, pseudohash 2
Mito-1-256 dec 1.7% 5.0% drng 552, pseudohash 3
Mito-1-512 keygen 0.0% 2.5% drng 536, pseudohash 1
Mito-1-512 enc 0.5% 2.0% drng 803, pseudohash 2
Mito-1-512 dec 0.8% 1.8% drng 1.08e+03, pseudohash 3
Mito-1-E-128 keygen 0.5% 13% drng 178, pseudohash 1
Mito-1-E-128 enc 1.6% 11% drng 267, pseudohash 2
Mito-1-E-128 dec 2.5% 10% drng 351, pseudohash 3
Mito-1-E-256 keygen 0.1% 6.2% drng 275, pseudohash 1
Mito-1-E-256 enc 0.9% 5.2% drng 411, pseudohash 2
Mito-1-E-256 dec 1.5% 4.7% drng 545, pseudohash 3
Mito-1-E-512 keygen 0.0% 2.5% drng 535, pseudohash 1
Mito-1-E-512 enc 0.5% 2.0% drng 802, pseudohash 2
Mito-1-E-512 dec 0.8% 1.8% drng 1.08e+03, pseudohash 3
Mito-2-E-128 keygen 0.3% 10% drng 194, pseudohash 1
Mito-2-E-128 enc 1.7% 8.2% drng 236, pseudohash 2
Mito-2-E-128 dec 2.6% 8.1% drng 327, pseudohash 3
Mito-2-E-256 keygen 0.1% 5.2% drng 292, pseudohash 1
Mito-2-E-256 enc 1.0% 4.3% drng 363, pseudohash 2
Mito-2-E-256 dec 1.7% 4.2% drng 504, pseudohash 3
Mito-2-E-512 keygen 0.0% 1.9% drng 555, pseudohash 1
Mito-2-E-512 enc 0.5% 1.4% drng 692, pseudohash 2
Mito-2-E-512 dec 0.8% 1.4% drng 964, pseudohash 3

7. Raw evidence index

Paths are relative to performance/data/arm_1/ in the harness; each JSON file records its commands, environment and trials.

instance item file
Mito-1-128 KAT log (sha256 727893e1e1356b3f…) kat/kem-23/Mito-1-128.log
Mito-1-128 timing dec records/kem-23/Mito-1-128__dec.json
Mito-1-128 timing enc records/kem-23/Mito-1-128__enc.json
Mito-1-128 timing keygen records/kem-23/Mito-1-128__keygen.json
Mito-1-128 hash profile dec profile/kem-23/Mito-1-128__dec.json
Mito-1-128 hash profile enc profile/kem-23/Mito-1-128__enc.json
Mito-1-128 hash profile keygen profile/kem-23/Mito-1-128__keygen.json
Mito-1-256 KAT log (sha256 ed272f4a73ff71ef…) kat/kem-23/Mito-1-256.log
Mito-1-256 timing dec records/kem-23/Mito-1-256__dec.json
Mito-1-256 timing enc records/kem-23/Mito-1-256__enc.json
Mito-1-256 timing keygen records/kem-23/Mito-1-256__keygen.json
Mito-1-256 hash profile dec profile/kem-23/Mito-1-256__dec.json
Mito-1-256 hash profile enc profile/kem-23/Mito-1-256__enc.json
Mito-1-256 hash profile keygen profile/kem-23/Mito-1-256__keygen.json
Mito-1-512 KAT log (sha256 efbd0a20dc081ab1…) kat/kem-23/Mito-1-512.log
Mito-1-512 timing dec records/kem-23/Mito-1-512__dec.json
Mito-1-512 timing enc records/kem-23/Mito-1-512__enc.json
Mito-1-512 timing keygen records/kem-23/Mito-1-512__keygen.json
Mito-1-512 hash profile dec profile/kem-23/Mito-1-512__dec.json
Mito-1-512 hash profile enc profile/kem-23/Mito-1-512__enc.json
Mito-1-512 hash profile keygen profile/kem-23/Mito-1-512__keygen.json
Mito-1-E-128 KAT log (sha256 f5aded99c56a3d27…) kat/kem-23/Mito-1-E-128.log
Mito-1-E-128 timing dec records/kem-23/Mito-1-E-128__dec.json
Mito-1-E-128 timing enc records/kem-23/Mito-1-E-128__enc.json
Mito-1-E-128 timing keygen records/kem-23/Mito-1-E-128__keygen.json
Mito-1-E-128 hash profile dec profile/kem-23/Mito-1-E-128__dec.json
Mito-1-E-128 hash profile enc profile/kem-23/Mito-1-E-128__enc.json
Mito-1-E-128 hash profile keygen profile/kem-23/Mito-1-E-128__keygen.json
Mito-1-E-256 KAT log (sha256 5ab0b26d29af48b9…) kat/kem-23/Mito-1-E-256.log
Mito-1-E-256 timing dec records/kem-23/Mito-1-E-256__dec.json
Mito-1-E-256 timing enc records/kem-23/Mito-1-E-256__enc.json
Mito-1-E-256 timing keygen records/kem-23/Mito-1-E-256__keygen.json
Mito-1-E-256 hash profile dec profile/kem-23/Mito-1-E-256__dec.json
Mito-1-E-256 hash profile enc profile/kem-23/Mito-1-E-256__enc.json
Mito-1-E-256 hash profile keygen profile/kem-23/Mito-1-E-256__keygen.json
Mito-1-E-512 KAT log (sha256 9d46574d1d8d96ef…) kat/kem-23/Mito-1-E-512.log
Mito-1-E-512 timing dec records/kem-23/Mito-1-E-512__dec.json
Mito-1-E-512 timing enc records/kem-23/Mito-1-E-512__enc.json
Mito-1-E-512 timing keygen records/kem-23/Mito-1-E-512__keygen.json
Mito-1-E-512 hash profile dec profile/kem-23/Mito-1-E-512__dec.json
Mito-1-E-512 hash profile enc profile/kem-23/Mito-1-E-512__enc.json
Mito-1-E-512 hash profile keygen profile/kem-23/Mito-1-E-512__keygen.json
Mito-2-E-128 KAT log (sha256 bdf8327e34e8df14…) kat/kem-23/Mito-2-E-128.log
Mito-2-E-128 timing dec records/kem-23/Mito-2-E-128__dec.json
Mito-2-E-128 timing enc records/kem-23/Mito-2-E-128__enc.json
Mito-2-E-128 timing keygen records/kem-23/Mito-2-E-128__keygen.json
Mito-2-E-128 hash profile dec profile/kem-23/Mito-2-E-128__dec.json
Mito-2-E-128 hash profile enc profile/kem-23/Mito-2-E-128__enc.json
Mito-2-E-128 hash profile keygen profile/kem-23/Mito-2-E-128__keygen.json
Mito-2-E-256 KAT log (sha256 90d42ac325e942de…) kat/kem-23/Mito-2-E-256.log
Mito-2-E-256 timing dec records/kem-23/Mito-2-E-256__dec.json
Mito-2-E-256 timing enc records/kem-23/Mito-2-E-256__enc.json
Mito-2-E-256 timing keygen records/kem-23/Mito-2-E-256__keygen.json
Mito-2-E-256 hash profile dec profile/kem-23/Mito-2-E-256__dec.json
Mito-2-E-256 hash profile enc profile/kem-23/Mito-2-E-256__enc.json
Mito-2-E-256 hash profile keygen profile/kem-23/Mito-2-E-256__keygen.json
Mito-2-E-512 KAT log (sha256 89d9bcc64af44277…) kat/kem-23/Mito-2-E-512.log
Mito-2-E-512 timing dec records/kem-23/Mito-2-E-512__dec.json
Mito-2-E-512 timing enc records/kem-23/Mito-2-E-512__enc.json
Mito-2-E-512 timing keygen records/kem-23/Mito-2-E-512__keygen.json
Mito-2-E-512 hash profile dec profile/kem-23/Mito-2-E-512__dec.json
Mito-2-E-512 hash profile enc profile/kem-23/Mito-2-E-512__enc.json
Mito-2-E-512 hash profile keygen profile/kem-23/Mito-2-E-512__keygen.json

Scripts: performance/campaign.py, performance/ngcc_perf.c, performance/hashprof/ in the harness.