Performance measurements › arm_1 › sign-07 · system: x86_1 · arm_1

sign-07 CS — performance on AArch64 (system arm_1)

Independent measurement following the structure of the NICCS ARM self-assessment guide, §3.5 (1)–(7). Not a submitter self-assessment.

1. Basic information

Category: public-key algorithm; function: digital signature
Algorithm: CS
Implementation versions measured: reference
Parameter sets: CS-128, CS-256, CS-512
Security evaluation: sign-07 report
Measurement method: arm_1 method
Submission: NICCS page

2. Assessment environment

item	value
processor	Qualcomm Oryon (CPU 2, one core)
machine	ASUS Vivobook S 15
clock	fixed 2.71 GHz (governor performance, minimum = maximum), boost off, SMT none
memory	30562 MiB
OS / kernel	Ubuntu 26.04.1 LTS / 7.0.0-34-generic
compiler / build tool	gcc (Ubuntu 15.2.0-16ubuntu1) 15.2.0 / cmake version 4.2.3
campaign start / end (UTC)	2026-09-28T15:05:46 / 2026-09-29T08:43:52

3. Functional testing (KAT)

Each library was checked against the submitted KAT vectors (SHA-256 manifest sign-07/kat.sha256 in the harness) before timing.

instance	build flags	KAT
`CS-128`	guide	PASS
`CS-256`	guide	PASS
`CS-512`	guide	PASS

4. Performance

instance	operation	mean cycles	mean time	ops/s	median trial	n (trials × iters)
`CS-128`	keygen	487.3 k	181 µs	5.53e+03	181 µs	15580 (5 × 3116)
`CS-128`	sign	3.72 M	1.38 ms	724	1.37 ms	3135 (5 × 627)
`CS-128`	verify	522.9 k	194 µs	5.15e+03	194 µs	15660 (5 × 3132)
`CS-256`	keygen	797.0 k	296 µs	3.38e+03	296 µs	9985 (5 × 1997)
`CS-256`	sign	10.86 M	4.03 ms	248	4.03 ms	570 (5 × 114)
`CS-256`	verify	997.6 k	370 µs	2.7e+03	368 µs	8320 (5 × 1664)
`CS-512`	keygen	2.60 M	964 µs	1.04e+03	964 µs	3135 (5 × 627)
`CS-512`	sign	41.58 M	15.4 ms	64.8	15.4 ms	210 (5 × 42)
`CS-512`	verify	3.29 M	1.22 ms	819	1.22 ms	2595 (5 × 519)

5. Resource consumption

Static memory is approximated by the library's loadable ELF segments; peak memory is the process high-water mark (VmHWM) including the benchmark driver and libc, so both are upper-bound proxies rather than isolated algorithm memory.

instance	operation	static: ELF image (bytes)	baseline RSS	peak RSS
`CS-128`	keygen	93472	1460 KiB	1552 KiB
`CS-128`	sign	93472	1488 KiB	1608 KiB
`CS-128`	verify	93472	1540 KiB	1604 KiB
`CS-256`	keygen	125496	1464 KiB	1580 KiB
`CS-256`	sign	125496	1516 KiB	1704 KiB
`CS-256`	verify	125496	1632 KiB	1696 KiB
`CS-512`	keygen	255668	1472 KiB	1660 KiB
`CS-512`	sign	255668	1592 KiB	1952 KiB
`CS-512`	verify	255668	1888 KiB	1952 KiB

6. Transmission and storage overhead

External public-key, ciphertext and signature sizes follow the curated performance/external_sizes.csv catalog; secret-key and shared-secret lengths remain API figures. See the size audit for disagreements.

instance	public key	secret key	signature
`CS-128`	976	1888	1548
`CS-256`	1760	3968	3164
`CS-512`	4288	7808	5975

Symmetric primitives

Survey verdict: ICCS-only

Share of each operation spent in the ICCS placeholder hash functions and in the ICCS DRNG (reference build, measured in the same run with link-time wrappers):

instance	operation	pseudohash/XOF/sm3	DRNG	calls per operation
`CS-128`	keygen	4.7%	61%	drng 16, pseudoXOF 2
`CS-128`	sign	62%	14%	drng 75.6, pseudoXOF 16.5
`CS-128`	verify	6.9%	62%	drng 33, pseudoXOF 3
`CS-256`	keygen	10%	63%	drng 16, pseudoXOF 2
`CS-256`	sign	57%	10%	drng 155, pseudoXOF 18
`CS-256`	verify	12%	63%	drng 54, pseudoXOF 3
`CS-512`	keygen	15%	60%	drng 42.1, pseudoXOF 2
`CS-512`	sign	69%	7.0%	drng 410, pseudoXOF 31.2
`CS-512`	verify	16%	62%	drng 171, pseudoXOF 3

7. Raw evidence index

Paths are relative to performance/data/arm_1/ in the harness; each JSON file records its commands, environment and trials.

instance	item	file
`CS-128`	KAT log (sha256 `9934c932cc4177eb…`)	`kat/sign-07/CS-128.log`
`CS-128`	timing keygen	`records/sign-07/CS-128__keygen.json`
`CS-128`	timing sign	`records/sign-07/CS-128__sign.json`
`CS-128`	timing verify	`records/sign-07/CS-128__verify.json`
`CS-128`	hash profile keygen	`profile/sign-07/CS-128__keygen.json`
`CS-128`	hash profile sign	`profile/sign-07/CS-128__sign.json`
`CS-128`	hash profile verify	`profile/sign-07/CS-128__verify.json`
`CS-256`	KAT log (sha256 `b3e4e6d6b9227c58…`)	`kat/sign-07/CS-256.log`
`CS-256`	timing keygen	`records/sign-07/CS-256__keygen.json`
`CS-256`	timing sign	`records/sign-07/CS-256__sign.json`
`CS-256`	timing verify	`records/sign-07/CS-256__verify.json`
`CS-256`	hash profile keygen	`profile/sign-07/CS-256__keygen.json`
`CS-256`	hash profile sign	`profile/sign-07/CS-256__sign.json`
`CS-256`	hash profile verify	`profile/sign-07/CS-256__verify.json`
`CS-512`	KAT log (sha256 `1f4ecd9cebbd2cc4…`)	`kat/sign-07/CS-512.log`
`CS-512`	timing keygen	`records/sign-07/CS-512__keygen.json`
`CS-512`	timing sign	`records/sign-07/CS-512__sign.json`
`CS-512`	timing verify	`records/sign-07/CS-512__verify.json`
`CS-512`	hash profile keygen	`profile/sign-07/CS-512__keygen.json`
`CS-512`	hash profile sign	`profile/sign-07/CS-512__sign.json`
`CS-512`	hash profile verify	`profile/sign-07/CS-512__verify.json`

Scripts: performance/campaign.py, performance/ngcc_perf.c, performance/hashprof/ in the harness.