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Performance measurements › x86_1 › kem-11 · system: x86_1 · arm_1
kem-11 COMPASS-KEM — performance on x86-64 (system x86_1)
Independent measurement following the structure of the NICCS x86 self-assessment guide, §3.5 (1)–(7). Not a submitter self-assessment.
1. Basic information
- Category: public-key algorithm; function: key encapsulation
- Algorithm: COMPASS-KEM
- Implementation versions measured: reference
- Parameter sets:
COMPASS-KEM-128,COMPASS-KEM-256,COMPASS-KEM-384,COMPASS-KEM-512 - Security evaluation: kem-11 report
- Measurement method: x86_1 method
- Submission: NICCS page
2. Assessment environment
| item | value |
|---|---|
| processor | 12th Gen Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-12700 (CPU 2, one core) |
| clock | max 2.10 GHz, governor performance, turbo off, SMT off |
| memory | 31788 MiB |
| OS / kernel | Debian GNU/Linux 13 (trixie) / 6.12.107+deb13-amd64 |
| compiler / build tool | gcc (Debian 14.2.0-19) 14.2.0 / cmake version 3.31.6 |
| campaign start / end (UTC) | 2026-09-25T10:02:21 / 2026-09-28T10:51:21 |
3. Functional testing (KAT)
Each library was checked against the submitted KAT vectors (SHA-256 manifest kem-11/kat.sha256 in the harness) before timing.
| instance | build flags | KAT |
|---|---|---|
COMPASS-KEM-128 |
guide | PASS |
COMPASS-KEM-256 |
guide | PASS |
COMPASS-KEM-384 |
guide | PASS |
COMPASS-KEM-512 |
guide | PASS |
4. Performance
| instance | operation | mean cycles | mean time | ops/s | median trial | n (trials × iters) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
COMPASS-KEM-128 |
keygen | 1.61 M | 770 µs | 1.3e+03 | 769 µs | 6265 (5 × 1253) |
COMPASS-KEM-128 |
enc | 1.64 M | 782 µs | 1.28e+03 | 781 µs | 6210 (5 × 1242) |
COMPASS-KEM-128 |
dec | 1.66 M | 794 µs | 1.26e+03 | 794 µs | 6220 (5 × 1244) |
COMPASS-KEM-256 |
keygen | 6.24 M | 2.98 ms | 335 | 2.98 ms | 1660 (5 × 332) |
COMPASS-KEM-256 |
enc | 6.25 M | 2.99 ms | 335 | 2.99 ms | 1670 (5 × 334) |
COMPASS-KEM-256 |
dec | 6.30 M | 3.01 ms | 332 | 3.01 ms | 1650 (5 × 330) |
COMPASS-KEM-384 |
keygen | 3.81 M | 1.82 ms | 550 | 1.82 ms | 2670 (5 × 534) |
COMPASS-KEM-384 |
enc | 3.97 M | 1.89 ms | 528 | 1.89 ms | 2535 (5 × 507) |
COMPASS-KEM-384 |
dec | 4.15 M | 1.98 ms | 505 | 1.98 ms | 2520 (5 × 504) |
COMPASS-KEM-512 |
keygen | 6.63 M | 3.17 ms | 316 | 3.17 ms | 1550 (5 × 310) |
COMPASS-KEM-512 |
enc | 6.83 M | 3.26 ms | 307 | 3.26 ms | 1530 (5 × 306) |
COMPASS-KEM-512 |
dec | 7.07 M | 3.38 ms | 296 | 3.38 ms | 1480 (5 × 296) |
5. Resource consumption
Static memory is approximated by the library's loadable ELF segments; peak memory is the process high-water mark (VmHWM) including the benchmark driver and libc, so both are upper-bound proxies rather than isolated algorithm memory.
| instance | operation | static: ELF image (bytes) | baseline RSS | peak RSS |
|---|---|---|---|---|
COMPASS-KEM-128 |
keygen | 26865 | 1692 KiB | 1776 KiB |
COMPASS-KEM-128 |
enc | 26865 | 1716 KiB | 1784 KiB |
COMPASS-KEM-128 |
dec | 26865 | 1704 KiB | 1816 KiB |
COMPASS-KEM-256 |
keygen | 27137 | 1708 KiB | 1820 KiB |
COMPASS-KEM-256 |
enc | 27137 | 1700 KiB | 1832 KiB |
COMPASS-KEM-256 |
dec | 27137 | 1716 KiB | 1812 KiB |
COMPASS-KEM-384 |
keygen | 29121 | 1712 KiB | 1812 KiB |
COMPASS-KEM-384 |
enc | 29121 | 1728 KiB | 1800 KiB |
COMPASS-KEM-384 |
dec | 29121 | 1736 KiB | 1808 KiB |
COMPASS-KEM-512 |
keygen | 29081 | 1700 KiB | 1832 KiB |
COMPASS-KEM-512 |
enc | 29081 | 1752 KiB | 1820 KiB |
COMPASS-KEM-512 |
dec | 29081 | 1764 KiB | 1832 KiB |
6. Transmission and storage overhead
External public-key, ciphertext and signature sizes follow the curated performance/external_sizes.csv catalog; secret-key and shared-secret lengths remain API figures. See the size audit for disagreements.
| instance | public key | secret key | ciphertext | shared secret |
|---|---|---|---|---|
COMPASS-KEM-128 |
672 | 1504 | 768 | 32 |
COMPASS-KEM-256 |
1312 | 2912 | 1472 | 32 |
COMPASS-KEM-384 |
2144 | 4704 | 2432 | 32 |
COMPASS-KEM-512 |
2848 | 6240 | 3264 | 32 |
Symmetric primitives
Survey verdict: ICCS-only — shake* names are shims over pseudoXOF
Share of each operation spent in the ICCS placeholder hash functions and in the ICCS DRNG (reference build, measured in the same run with link-time wrappers):
| instance | operation | pseudohash/XOF/sm3 | DRNG | calls per operation |
|---|---|---|---|---|
COMPASS-KEM-128 |
keygen | 96% | 0.4% | drng 1, pseudoXOF 6, pseudohash 1, sm3hash 1 |
COMPASS-KEM-128 |
enc | 95% | 0.3% | drng 1, pseudoXOF 6, pseudohash 1, sm3hash 1 |
COMPASS-KEM-128 |
dec | 93% | 0.0% | pseudoXOF 7, pseudohash 1 |
COMPASS-KEM-256 |
keygen | 97% | 0.1% | drng 1, pseudoXOF 20, pseudohash 1, sm3hash 1 |
COMPASS-KEM-256 |
enc | 97% | 0.1% | drng 1, pseudoXOF 20, pseudohash 1, sm3hash 1 |
COMPASS-KEM-256 |
dec | 96% | 0.0% | pseudoXOF 21, pseudohash 1 |
COMPASS-KEM-384 |
keygen | 91% | 0.2% | drng 1, pseudoXOF 12, pseudohash 1, sm3hash 1 |
COMPASS-KEM-384 |
enc | 88% | 0.1% | drng 1, pseudoXOF 12, pseudohash 1, sm3hash 1 |
COMPASS-KEM-384 |
dec | 84% | 0.0% | pseudoXOF 13, pseudohash 1 |
COMPASS-KEM-512 |
keygen | 93% | 0.1% | drng 1, pseudoXOF 20, pseudohash 1, sm3hash 1 |
COMPASS-KEM-512 |
enc | 90% | 0.1% | drng 1, pseudoXOF 20, pseudohash 1, sm3hash 1 |
COMPASS-KEM-512 |
dec | 87% | 0.0% | pseudoXOF 21, pseudohash 1 |
7. Raw evidence index
Paths are relative to performance/data/x86_1/ in the harness; each JSON file records its commands, environment and trials.
| instance | item | file |
|---|---|---|
COMPASS-KEM-128 |
KAT log (sha256 05aa7e888c5a2bea…) |
kat/kem-11/COMPASS-KEM-128.log |
COMPASS-KEM-128 |
timing dec | records/kem-11/COMPASS-KEM-128__dec.json |
COMPASS-KEM-128 |
timing enc | records/kem-11/COMPASS-KEM-128__enc.json |
COMPASS-KEM-128 |
timing keygen | records/kem-11/COMPASS-KEM-128__keygen.json |
COMPASS-KEM-128 |
hash profile dec | profile/kem-11/COMPASS-KEM-128__dec.json |
COMPASS-KEM-128 |
hash profile enc | profile/kem-11/COMPASS-KEM-128__enc.json |
COMPASS-KEM-128 |
hash profile keygen | profile/kem-11/COMPASS-KEM-128__keygen.json |
COMPASS-KEM-256 |
KAT log (sha256 aa4d37b589294bb8…) |
kat/kem-11/COMPASS-KEM-256.log |
COMPASS-KEM-256 |
timing dec | records/kem-11/COMPASS-KEM-256__dec.json |
COMPASS-KEM-256 |
timing enc | records/kem-11/COMPASS-KEM-256__enc.json |
COMPASS-KEM-256 |
timing keygen | records/kem-11/COMPASS-KEM-256__keygen.json |
COMPASS-KEM-256 |
hash profile dec | profile/kem-11/COMPASS-KEM-256__dec.json |
COMPASS-KEM-256 |
hash profile enc | profile/kem-11/COMPASS-KEM-256__enc.json |
COMPASS-KEM-256 |
hash profile keygen | profile/kem-11/COMPASS-KEM-256__keygen.json |
COMPASS-KEM-384 |
KAT log (sha256 abd315e709b6f9a0…) |
kat/kem-11/COMPASS-KEM-384.log |
COMPASS-KEM-384 |
timing dec | records/kem-11/COMPASS-KEM-384__dec.json |
COMPASS-KEM-384 |
timing enc | records/kem-11/COMPASS-KEM-384__enc.json |
COMPASS-KEM-384 |
timing keygen | records/kem-11/COMPASS-KEM-384__keygen.json |
COMPASS-KEM-384 |
hash profile dec | profile/kem-11/COMPASS-KEM-384__dec.json |
COMPASS-KEM-384 |
hash profile enc | profile/kem-11/COMPASS-KEM-384__enc.json |
COMPASS-KEM-384 |
hash profile keygen | profile/kem-11/COMPASS-KEM-384__keygen.json |
COMPASS-KEM-512 |
KAT log (sha256 42977d1c10a5a3f0…) |
kat/kem-11/COMPASS-KEM-512.log |
COMPASS-KEM-512 |
timing dec | records/kem-11/COMPASS-KEM-512__dec.json |
COMPASS-KEM-512 |
timing enc | records/kem-11/COMPASS-KEM-512__enc.json |
COMPASS-KEM-512 |
timing keygen | records/kem-11/COMPASS-KEM-512__keygen.json |
COMPASS-KEM-512 |
hash profile dec | profile/kem-11/COMPASS-KEM-512__dec.json |
COMPASS-KEM-512 |
hash profile enc | profile/kem-11/COMPASS-KEM-512__enc.json |
COMPASS-KEM-512 |
hash profile keygen | profile/kem-11/COMPASS-KEM-512__keygen.json |
Scripts: performance/campaign.py, performance/ngcc_perf.c, performance/hashprof/ in the harness.