Performance measurements › arm_1 › sign-14 · system: x86_1 · arm_1

sign-14 Lynxer — performance on AArch64 (system arm_1)

Independent measurement following the structure of the NICCS ARM self-assessment guide, §3.5 (1)–(7). Not a submitter self-assessment.

1. Basic information

Category: public-key algorithm; function: digital signature
Algorithm: Lynxer
Implementation versions measured: reference
Parameter sets: Lynxer-160f, Lynxer-160s, Lynxer-256f, Lynxer-256s, Lynxer-384f, Lynxer-384s, Lynxer-512f, Lynxer-512s
Security evaluation: sign-14 report
Measurement method: arm_1 method
Submission: NICCS page

2. Assessment environment

item	value
processor	Qualcomm Oryon (CPU 2, one core)
machine	ASUS Vivobook S 15
clock	fixed 2.71 GHz (governor performance, minimum = maximum), boost off, SMT none
memory	30562 MiB
OS / kernel	Ubuntu 26.04.1 LTS / 7.0.0-34-generic
compiler / build tool	gcc (Ubuntu 15.2.0-16ubuntu1) 15.2.0 / cmake version 4.2.3
campaign start / end (UTC)	2026-09-28T15:05:46 / 2026-09-29T08:43:52

3. Functional testing (KAT)

Each library was checked against the submitted KAT vectors (SHA-256 manifest sign-14/kat.sha256 in the harness) before timing.

instance	build flags	KAT
`Lynxer-160f`	guide	PASS
`Lynxer-160s`	guide	PASS
`Lynxer-256f`	guide	PASS
`Lynxer-256s`	guide	PASS
`Lynxer-384f`	guide	PASS
`Lynxer-384s`	guide	PASS
`Lynxer-512f`	guide	PASS
`Lynxer-512s`	guide	PASS

4. Performance

instance	operation	mean cycles	mean time	ops/s	median trial	n (trials × iters)
`Lynxer-160f`	keygen	22.72 M	8.43 ms	119	8.43 ms	375 (5 × 75)
`Lynxer-160f`	sign	403.20 M	150 ms	6.69	149 ms	100 (5 × 20)
`Lynxer-160f`	verify	352.92 M	131 ms	7.64	131 ms	100 (5 × 20)
`Lynxer-160s`	keygen	22.74 M	8.43 ms	119	8.43 ms	370 (5 × 74)
`Lynxer-160s`	sign	2.92 G	1.08 s	0.924	1.08 s	100 (5 × 20)
`Lynxer-160s`	verify	2.85 G	1.06 s	0.947	1.06 s	100 (5 × 20)
`Lynxer-256f`	keygen	167.67 M	62.2 ms	16.1	62 ms	100 (5 × 20)
`Lynxer-256f`	sign	1.29 G	478 ms	2.09	477 ms	100 (5 × 20)
`Lynxer-256f`	verify	941.25 M	349 ms	2.86	349 ms	100 (5 × 20)
`Lynxer-256s`	keygen	167.06 M	62 ms	16.1	62 ms	100 (5 × 20)
`Lynxer-256s`	sign	8.36 G	3.1 s	0.322	3.1 s	100 (5 × 20)
`Lynxer-256s`	verify	7.97 G	2.96 s	0.338	2.96 s	100 (5 × 20)
`Lynxer-384f`	keygen	695.57 M	258 ms	3.87	258 ms	100 (5 × 20)
`Lynxer-384f`	sign	4.48 G	1.66 s	0.602	1.66 s	100 (5 × 20)
`Lynxer-384f`	verify	3.04 G	1.13 s	0.886	1.13 s	100 (5 × 20)
`Lynxer-384s`	keygen	709.99 M	263 ms	3.8	258 ms	100 (5 × 20)
`Lynxer-384s`	sign	24.71 G	9.17 s	0.109	9.16 s	40 (5 × 8)
`Lynxer-384s`	verify	23.00 G	8.53 s	0.117	8.53 s	40 (5 × 8)
`Lynxer-512f`	keygen	2.01 G	745 ms	1.34	745 ms	100 (5 × 20)
`Lynxer-512f`	sign	6.34 G	2.35 s	0.425	2.35 s	100 (5 × 20)
`Lynxer-512f`	verify	2.32 G	860 ms	1.16	860 ms	100 (5 × 20)
`Lynxer-512s`	keygen	2.01 G	745 ms	1.34	745 ms	100 (5 × 20)
`Lynxer-512s`	sign	8.82 G	3.27 s	0.305	3.27 s	100 (5 × 20)
`Lynxer-512s`	verify	4.55 G	1.69 s	0.592	1.68 s	100 (5 × 20)

5. Resource consumption

Static memory is approximated by the library's loadable ELF segments; peak memory is the process high-water mark (VmHWM) including the benchmark driver and libc, so both are upper-bound proxies rather than isolated algorithm memory.

instance	operation	static: ELF image (bytes)	baseline RSS	peak RSS
`Lynxer-160f`	keygen	436796	1528 KiB	1808 KiB
`Lynxer-160f`	sign	436796	1740 KiB	4276 KiB
`Lynxer-160f`	verify	436796	4184 KiB	4248 KiB
`Lynxer-160s`	keygen	436796	1524 KiB	1808 KiB
`Lynxer-160s`	sign	436796	1740 KiB	6916 KiB
`Lynxer-160s`	verify	436796	3272 KiB	6628 KiB
`Lynxer-256f`	keygen	436796	3552 KiB	3872 KiB
`Lynxer-256f`	sign	436796	1852 KiB	2920 KiB
`Lynxer-256f`	verify	436796	4880 KiB	4876 KiB
`Lynxer-256s`	keygen	436796	1532 KiB	1912 KiB
`Lynxer-256s`	sign	436796	3876 KiB	12780 KiB
`Lynxer-256s`	verify	436796	5636 KiB	12480 KiB
`Lynxer-384f`	keygen	436796	1556 KiB	2008 KiB
`Lynxer-384f`	sign	436796	1944 KiB	6120 KiB
`Lynxer-384f`	verify	436796	4904 KiB	5924 KiB
`Lynxer-384s`	keygen	436796	1548 KiB	2008 KiB
`Lynxer-384s`	sign	436796	3860 KiB	21632 KiB
`Lynxer-384s`	verify	436796	4644 KiB	21168 KiB
`Lynxer-512f`	keygen	436796	1580 KiB	2132 KiB
`Lynxer-512f`	sign	436796	2064 KiB	7560 KiB
`Lynxer-512f`	verify	436796	6024 KiB	7344 KiB
`Lynxer-512s`	keygen	436796	1568 KiB	3992 KiB
`Lynxer-512s`	sign	436796	2052 KiB	35184 KiB
`Lynxer-512s`	verify	436796	5160 KiB	34716 KiB

6. Transmission and storage overhead

External public-key, ciphertext and signature sizes follow the curated performance/external_sizes.csv catalog; secret-key and shared-secret lengths remain API figures. See the size audit for disagreements.

instance	public key	secret key	signature
`Lynxer-160f`	40	40	5801
`Lynxer-160s`	40	40	4607
`Lynxer-256f`	64	64	15097
`Lynxer-256s`	64	64	12191
`Lynxer-384f`	96	96	34109
`Lynxer-384s`	96	96	27495
`Lynxer-512f`	128	128	61091
`Lynxer-512s`	128	128	48879

Symmetric primitives

Survey verdict: mixed — with -DXOF_PSEUDO (as the KATs need): oracles via pseudoXOF, PRG via AES/Rijndael/SHACAL-2; source default is own Keccak (bypass)

Share of each operation spent in the ICCS placeholder hash functions and in the ICCS DRNG (reference build, measured in the same run with link-time wrappers):

instance	operation	pseudohash/XOF/sm3	DRNG	calls per operation
`Lynxer-160f`	keygen	95%	0.0%	drng 2, pseudoXOF 62
`Lynxer-160f`	sign	18%	0.0%	drng 1, pseudoXOF 436
`Lynxer-160f`	verify	7.8%	0.0%	pseudoXOF 88
`Lynxer-160s`	keygen	95%	0.0%	drng 2, pseudoXOF 62
`Lynxer-160s`	sign	4.2%	0.0%	drng 1, pseudoXOF 3.64e+03
`Lynxer-160s`	verify	2.4%	0.0%	pseudoXOF 81
`Lynxer-256f`	keygen	99%	0.0%	drng 2, pseudoXOF 123
`Lynxer-256f`	sign	40%	0.0%	drng 1, pseudoXOF 525
`Lynxer-256f`	verify	19%	0.0%	pseudoXOF 163
`Lynxer-256s`	keygen	99%	0.0%	drng 2, pseudoXOF 123
`Lynxer-256s`	sign	8.2%	0.0%	drng 1, pseudoXOF 1.22e+04
`Lynxer-256s`	verify	3.7%	0.0%	pseudoXOF 150
`Lynxer-384f`	keygen	99%	0.0%	drng 2, pseudoXOF 255
`Lynxer-384f`	sign	48%	0.0%	drng 1, pseudoXOF 971
`Lynxer-384f`	verify	24%	0.0%	pseudoXOF 313
`Lynxer-384s`	keygen	99%	0.0%	drng 2, pseudoXOF 255
`Lynxer-384s`	sign	11%	0.0%	drng 1, pseudoXOF 2.73e+04
`Lynxer-384s`	verify	4.8%	0.0%	pseudoXOF 294
`Lynxer-512f`	keygen	100%	0.0%	drng 2, pseudoXOF 435
`Lynxer-512f`	sign	96%	0.0%	drng 1, pseudoXOF 1.55e+03
`Lynxer-512f`	verify	91%	0.0%	pseudoXOF 512
`Lynxer-512s`	keygen	100%	0.0%	drng 2, pseudoXOF 435
`Lynxer-512s`	sign	82%	0.0%	drng 1, pseudoXOF 1.21e+04
`Lynxer-512s`	verify	66%	0.0%	pseudoXOF 486

7. Raw evidence index

Paths are relative to performance/data/arm_1/ in the harness; each JSON file records its commands, environment and trials.

instance	item	file
`Lynxer-160f`	KAT log (sha256 `a84705093d5baee0…`)	`kat/sign-14/Lynxer-160f.log`
`Lynxer-160f`	timing keygen	`records/sign-14/Lynxer-160f__keygen.json`
`Lynxer-160f`	timing sign	`records/sign-14/Lynxer-160f__sign.json`
`Lynxer-160f`	timing verify	`records/sign-14/Lynxer-160f__verify.json`
`Lynxer-160f`	hash profile keygen	`profile/sign-14/Lynxer-160f__keygen.json`
`Lynxer-160f`	hash profile sign	`profile/sign-14/Lynxer-160f__sign.json`
`Lynxer-160f`	hash profile verify	`profile/sign-14/Lynxer-160f__verify.json`
`Lynxer-160s`	KAT log (sha256 `3f03764067260fb7…`)	`kat/sign-14/Lynxer-160s.log`
`Lynxer-160s`	timing keygen	`records/sign-14/Lynxer-160s__keygen.json`
`Lynxer-160s`	timing sign	`records/sign-14/Lynxer-160s__sign.json`
`Lynxer-160s`	timing verify	`records/sign-14/Lynxer-160s__verify.json`
`Lynxer-160s`	hash profile keygen	`profile/sign-14/Lynxer-160s__keygen.json`
`Lynxer-160s`	hash profile sign	`profile/sign-14/Lynxer-160s__sign.json`
`Lynxer-160s`	hash profile verify	`profile/sign-14/Lynxer-160s__verify.json`
`Lynxer-256f`	KAT log (sha256 `30d2e64fc5d04d20…`)	`kat/sign-14/Lynxer-256f.log`
`Lynxer-256f`	timing keygen	`records/sign-14/Lynxer-256f__keygen.json`
`Lynxer-256f`	timing sign	`records/sign-14/Lynxer-256f__sign.json`
`Lynxer-256f`	timing verify	`records/sign-14/Lynxer-256f__verify.json`
`Lynxer-256f`	hash profile keygen	`profile/sign-14/Lynxer-256f__keygen.json`
`Lynxer-256f`	hash profile sign	`profile/sign-14/Lynxer-256f__sign.json`
`Lynxer-256f`	hash profile verify	`profile/sign-14/Lynxer-256f__verify.json`
`Lynxer-256s`	KAT log (sha256 `b6838c63bd06e987…`)	`kat/sign-14/Lynxer-256s.log`
`Lynxer-256s`	timing keygen	`records/sign-14/Lynxer-256s__keygen.json`
`Lynxer-256s`	timing sign	`records/sign-14/Lynxer-256s__sign.json`
`Lynxer-256s`	timing verify	`records/sign-14/Lynxer-256s__verify.json`
`Lynxer-256s`	hash profile keygen	`profile/sign-14/Lynxer-256s__keygen.json`
`Lynxer-256s`	hash profile sign	`profile/sign-14/Lynxer-256s__sign.json`
`Lynxer-256s`	hash profile verify	`profile/sign-14/Lynxer-256s__verify.json`
`Lynxer-384f`	KAT log (sha256 `df109a8beb466ef2…`)	`kat/sign-14/Lynxer-384f.log`
`Lynxer-384f`	timing keygen	`records/sign-14/Lynxer-384f__keygen.json`
`Lynxer-384f`	timing sign	`records/sign-14/Lynxer-384f__sign.json`
`Lynxer-384f`	timing verify	`records/sign-14/Lynxer-384f__verify.json`
`Lynxer-384f`	hash profile keygen	`profile/sign-14/Lynxer-384f__keygen.json`
`Lynxer-384f`	hash profile sign	`profile/sign-14/Lynxer-384f__sign.json`
`Lynxer-384f`	hash profile verify	`profile/sign-14/Lynxer-384f__verify.json`
`Lynxer-384s`	KAT log (sha256 `dd0fe00cf6e819f9…`)	`kat/sign-14/Lynxer-384s.log`
`Lynxer-384s`	timing keygen	`records/sign-14/Lynxer-384s__keygen.json`
`Lynxer-384s`	timing sign	`records/sign-14/Lynxer-384s__sign.json`
`Lynxer-384s`	timing verify	`records/sign-14/Lynxer-384s__verify.json`
`Lynxer-384s`	hash profile keygen	`profile/sign-14/Lynxer-384s__keygen.json`
`Lynxer-384s`	hash profile sign	`profile/sign-14/Lynxer-384s__sign.json`
`Lynxer-384s`	hash profile verify	`profile/sign-14/Lynxer-384s__verify.json`
`Lynxer-512f`	KAT log (sha256 `c2cd6643c4f9d01d…`)	`kat/sign-14/Lynxer-512f.log`
`Lynxer-512f`	timing keygen	`records/sign-14/Lynxer-512f__keygen.json`
`Lynxer-512f`	timing sign	`records/sign-14/Lynxer-512f__sign.json`
`Lynxer-512f`	timing verify	`records/sign-14/Lynxer-512f__verify.json`
`Lynxer-512f`	hash profile keygen	`profile/sign-14/Lynxer-512f__keygen.json`
`Lynxer-512f`	hash profile sign	`profile/sign-14/Lynxer-512f__sign.json`
`Lynxer-512f`	hash profile verify	`profile/sign-14/Lynxer-512f__verify.json`
`Lynxer-512s`	KAT log (sha256 `8ef142b4f046ba42…`)	`kat/sign-14/Lynxer-512s.log`
`Lynxer-512s`	timing keygen	`records/sign-14/Lynxer-512s__keygen.json`
`Lynxer-512s`	timing sign	`records/sign-14/Lynxer-512s__sign.json`
`Lynxer-512s`	timing verify	`records/sign-14/Lynxer-512s__verify.json`
`Lynxer-512s`	hash profile keygen	`profile/sign-14/Lynxer-512s__keygen.json`
`Lynxer-512s`	hash profile sign	`profile/sign-14/Lynxer-512s__sign.json`
`Lynxer-512s`	hash profile verify	`profile/sign-14/Lynxer-512s__verify.json`

Scripts: performance/campaign.py, performance/ngcc_perf.c, performance/hashprof/ in the harness.