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Performance measurements › arm_1 › sign-28 · system: x86_1 · arm_1

sign-28 SYDO — performance on AArch64 (system arm_1)

Independent measurement following the structure of the NICCS ARM self-assessment guide, §3.5 (1)–(7). Not a submitter self-assessment.

1. Basic information

2. Assessment environment

item value
processor Qualcomm Oryon (CPU 2, one core)
machine ASUS Vivobook S 15
clock fixed 2.71 GHz (governor performance, minimum = maximum), boost off, SMT none
memory 30562 MiB
OS / kernel Ubuntu 26.04.1 LTS / 7.0.0-34-generic
compiler / build tool gcc (Ubuntu 15.2.0-16ubuntu1) 15.2.0 / cmake version 4.2.3
campaign start / end (UTC) 2026-09-28T15:05:46 / 2026-09-29T08:43:52

3. Functional testing (KAT)

Each library was checked against the submitted KAT vectors (SHA-256 manifest sign-28/kat.sha256 in the harness) before timing.

instance build flags KAT
sydo_160f guide PASS
sydo_160s guide PASS
sydo_256f guide PASS
sydo_256s guide PASS
sydo_512f guide PASS
sydo_512s guide PASS

4. Performance

instance operation mean cycles mean time ops/s median trial n (trials × iters)
sydo_160f keygen 784.4 k 291 µs 3.44e+03 291 µs 10375 (5 × 2075)
sydo_160f sign 265.41 M 98.5 ms 10.2 98.4 ms 100 (5 × 20)
sydo_160f verify 246.41 M 91.5 ms 10.9 91.4 ms 100 (5 × 20)
sydo_160s keygen 782.9 k 291 µs 3.44e+03 291 µs 10360 (5 × 2072)
sydo_160s sign 684.75 M 254 ms 3.94 253 ms 100 (5 × 20)
sydo_160s verify 649.73 M 241 ms 4.15 241 ms 100 (5 × 20)
sydo_256f keygen 1.37 M 509 µs 1.96e+03 509 µs 6030 (5 × 1206)
sydo_256f sign 564.11 M 209 ms 4.78 209 ms 100 (5 × 20)
sydo_256f verify 534.40 M 198 ms 5.04 199 ms 100 (5 × 20)
sydo_256s keygen 1.37 M 510 µs 1.96e+03 509 µs 6040 (5 × 1208)
sydo_256s sign 1.48 G 549 ms 1.82 548 ms 100 (5 × 20)
sydo_256s verify 1.45 G 537 ms 1.86 537 ms 100 (5 × 20)
sydo_512f keygen 665.9 k 247 µs 4.05e+03 247 µs 11855 (5 × 2371)
sydo_512f sign 1.60 G 594 ms 1.68 593 ms 100 (5 × 20)
sydo_512f verify 1.52 G 564 ms 1.77 564 ms 100 (5 × 20)
sydo_512s keygen 669.9 k 249 µs 4.02e+03 249 µs 12235 (5 × 2447)
sydo_512s sign 3.71 G 1.38 s 0.726 1.38 s 100 (5 × 20)
sydo_512s verify 3.53 G 1.31 s 0.763 1.31 s 100 (5 × 20)

5. Resource consumption

Static memory is approximated by the library's loadable ELF segments; peak memory is the process high-water mark (VmHWM) including the benchmark driver and libc, so both are upper-bound proxies rather than isolated algorithm memory.

instance operation static: ELF image (bytes) baseline RSS peak RSS
sydo_160f keygen 255640 1520 KiB 1588 KiB
sydo_160f sign 255640 1524 KiB 5368 KiB
sydo_160f verify 255640 3068 KiB 5476 KiB
sydo_160s keygen 255640 1520 KiB 1588 KiB
sydo_160s sign 255640 1524 KiB 7876 KiB
sydo_160s verify 255640 3648 KiB 7320 KiB
sydo_256f keygen 255640 1532 KiB 1600 KiB
sydo_256f sign 255640 1536 KiB 8064 KiB
sydo_256f verify 255640 4588 KiB 7028 KiB
sydo_256s keygen 255640 1528 KiB 1596 KiB
sydo_256s sign 255640 1532 KiB 13180 KiB
sydo_256s verify 255640 3924 KiB 12508 KiB
sydo_512f keygen 255640 1580 KiB 1644 KiB
sydo_512f sign 255640 1580 KiB 19964 KiB
sydo_512f verify 255640 2660 KiB 17952 KiB
sydo_512s keygen 255640 1568 KiB 1636 KiB
sydo_512s sign 255640 1572 KiB 43580 KiB
sydo_512s verify 255640 4636 KiB 43032 KiB

6. Transmission and storage overhead

External public-key, ciphertext and signature sizes follow the curated performance/external_sizes.csv catalog; secret-key and shared-secret lengths remain API figures. See the size audit for disagreements.

instance public key secret key signature
sydo_160f 80 174 6724
sydo_160s 80 174 5428
sydo_256f 128 278 17604
sydo_256s 128 278 14444
sydo_512f 246 534 67716
sydo_512s 246 534 56672

Symmetric primitives

Survey verdict: mixed — hashing via pseudoXOF; PRGs via own AES/Rijndael and a BLAKE2s-round cipher

Share of each operation spent in the ICCS placeholder hash functions and in the ICCS DRNG (reference build, measured in the same run with link-time wrappers):

instance operation pseudohash/XOF/sm3 DRNG calls per operation
sydo_160f keygen 1.5% 0.7% drng 1, pseudoXOF 8
sydo_160f sign 3.3% 0.0% drng 1, pseudoXOF 35.5
sydo_160f verify 3.6% 0.0% pseudoXOF 25
sydo_160s keygen 1.5% 0.7% drng 1, pseudoXOF 8
sydo_160s sign 8.6% 0.0% drng 1, pseudoXOF 2.35e+03
sydo_160s verify 7.1% 0.0% pseudoXOF 19
sydo_256f keygen 1.3% 0.4% drng 1, pseudoXOF 12
sydo_256f sign 4.1% 0.0% drng 1, pseudoXOF 50
sydo_256f verify 4.3% 0.0% pseudoXOF 37
sydo_256s keygen 1.3% 0.4% drng 1, pseudoXOF 12
sydo_256s sign 8.4% 0.0% drng 1, pseudoXOF 145
sydo_256s verify 8.5% 0.0% pseudoXOF 28
sydo_512f keygen 10% 1.3% drng 1, pseudoXOF 23
sydo_512f sign 11% 0.0% drng 1, pseudoXOF 97.3
sydo_512f verify 12% 0.0% pseudoXOF 69
sydo_512s keygen 10% 1.3% drng 1, pseudoXOF 23
sydo_512s sign 28% 0.0% drng 1, pseudoXOF 2.98e+03
sydo_512s verify 28% 0.0% pseudoXOF 51

7. Raw evidence index

Paths are relative to performance/data/arm_1/ in the harness; each JSON file records its commands, environment and trials.

instance item file
sydo_160f KAT log (sha256 416ceeead1cb94ff…) kat/sign-28/sydo_160f.log
sydo_160f timing keygen records/sign-28/sydo_160f__keygen.json
sydo_160f timing sign records/sign-28/sydo_160f__sign.json
sydo_160f timing verify records/sign-28/sydo_160f__verify.json
sydo_160f hash profile keygen profile/sign-28/sydo_160f__keygen.json
sydo_160f hash profile sign profile/sign-28/sydo_160f__sign.json
sydo_160f hash profile verify profile/sign-28/sydo_160f__verify.json
sydo_160s KAT log (sha256 5879a813ce53a187…) kat/sign-28/sydo_160s.log
sydo_160s timing keygen records/sign-28/sydo_160s__keygen.json
sydo_160s timing sign records/sign-28/sydo_160s__sign.json
sydo_160s timing verify records/sign-28/sydo_160s__verify.json
sydo_160s hash profile keygen profile/sign-28/sydo_160s__keygen.json
sydo_160s hash profile sign profile/sign-28/sydo_160s__sign.json
sydo_160s hash profile verify profile/sign-28/sydo_160s__verify.json
sydo_256f KAT log (sha256 bbbac8ac3fc50d70…) kat/sign-28/sydo_256f.log
sydo_256f timing keygen records/sign-28/sydo_256f__keygen.json
sydo_256f timing sign records/sign-28/sydo_256f__sign.json
sydo_256f timing verify records/sign-28/sydo_256f__verify.json
sydo_256f hash profile keygen profile/sign-28/sydo_256f__keygen.json
sydo_256f hash profile sign profile/sign-28/sydo_256f__sign.json
sydo_256f hash profile verify profile/sign-28/sydo_256f__verify.json
sydo_256s KAT log (sha256 45b9fe4e302b799c…) kat/sign-28/sydo_256s.log
sydo_256s timing keygen records/sign-28/sydo_256s__keygen.json
sydo_256s timing sign records/sign-28/sydo_256s__sign.json
sydo_256s timing verify records/sign-28/sydo_256s__verify.json
sydo_256s hash profile keygen profile/sign-28/sydo_256s__keygen.json
sydo_256s hash profile sign profile/sign-28/sydo_256s__sign.json
sydo_256s hash profile verify profile/sign-28/sydo_256s__verify.json
sydo_512f KAT log (sha256 814255a38b7e7498…) kat/sign-28/sydo_512f.log
sydo_512f timing keygen records/sign-28/sydo_512f__keygen.json
sydo_512f timing sign records/sign-28/sydo_512f__sign.json
sydo_512f timing verify records/sign-28/sydo_512f__verify.json
sydo_512f hash profile keygen profile/sign-28/sydo_512f__keygen.json
sydo_512f hash profile sign profile/sign-28/sydo_512f__sign.json
sydo_512f hash profile verify profile/sign-28/sydo_512f__verify.json
sydo_512s KAT log (sha256 ff3fed828a4fe83a…) kat/sign-28/sydo_512s.log
sydo_512s timing keygen records/sign-28/sydo_512s__keygen.json
sydo_512s timing sign records/sign-28/sydo_512s__sign.json
sydo_512s timing verify records/sign-28/sydo_512s__verify.json
sydo_512s hash profile keygen profile/sign-28/sydo_512s__keygen.json
sydo_512s hash profile sign profile/sign-28/sydo_512s__sign.json
sydo_512s hash profile verify profile/sign-28/sydo_512s__verify.json

Scripts: performance/campaign.py, performance/ngcc_perf.c, performance/hashprof/ in the harness.