Performance measurements › system: x86_1 · arm_1

Ordered measurements (arm_1, 256-bit)

Target: 128-bit · 256-bit · 512-bit

Digital Signatures (256-bit security)

rankoverall (mean rank)sign cyclesverify cyclespublic keysignature
1(8.8) sign-34 YuanYang-DSA 12.47 M (65%) sign-02 BiT400.8 k (59%) sign-34 YuanYang-DSA64 B sign-03 CEDRUS-C68 B sign-10 Facto-DSA
2(10.5) sign-23 Shuttle 24.01 M (57%) sign-16 Octarine785.3 k (66%) sign-22 Rhyme64 B sign-04 CEDRUS-alpha293 B sign-26 SQIsign2D-push
3(10.8) sign-02 BiT 34.91 M (89%) sign-17 OPS798.8 k (75%) sign-08 DARTS64 B sign-05 Chinith296 B sign-09 DOVE
4(11.2) sign-07 CS 46.33 M (90%) sign-06 COMPASS-SIG997.6 k (12%) sign-07 CS64 B sign-11 FlexTree316 B sign-33 VDOO
5(11.6) sign-22 Rhyme 46.85 M (??%) sign-23 Shuttle1.15 M (83%) sign-02 BiT64 B sign-12 Galas392 B sign-25 SQIsign2D2
6(12.6) sign-01 Aigis-Sig 37.50 M (57%) sign-01 Aigis-Sig1.43 M (??%) sign-23 Shuttle64 B sign-14 Lynxer408 B sign-27 SQIsignTriangle
7(13.0) sign-08 DARTS 39.43 M (42%) sign-15 MORNING-ATLAS1.50 M (54%) sign-16 Octarine64 B sign-19 Phoenix516 B sign-18 Origami
8(13.2) sign-16 Octarine 210.61 M (0.1%) sign-10 Facto-DSA1.68 M (5.8%) sign-01 Aigis-Sig66 B sign-13 GreatWall1,150 B sign-34 YuanYang-DSA
9(13.5) sign-10 Facto-DSA 210.83 M (2.3%) sign-34 YuanYang-DSA1.99 M (0.4%) sign-33 VDOO98 B sign-29 Tins2,412 B sign-31 TSUOV
10(15.0) sign-06 COMPASS-SIG 410.86 M (57%) sign-07 CS3.47 M (90%) sign-17 OPS128 B sign-25 SQIsign2D22,417 B sign-23 Shuttle
11(15.0) sign-09 DOVE 214.01 M (82%) sign-22 Rhyme3.62 M (65%) sign-15 MORNING-ATLAS128 B sign-26 SQIsign2D-push2,444 B sign-32 UVW
12(15.0) sign-17 OPS 121.95 M (0.2%) sign-09 DOVE4.75 M (95%) sign-06 COMPASS-SIG128 B sign-28 SYDO2,489 B sign-08 DARTS
13(15.0) sign-25 SQIsign2D2 231.33 M (89%) sign-08 DARTS4.93 M (0.2%) sign-09 DOVE129 B sign-27 SQIsignTriangle3,164 B sign-07 CS
14(15.5) sign-15 MORNING-ATLAS 878.30 M (61%) sign-31 TSUOV10.20 M (89%) sign-10 Facto-DSA153 B sign-20 Qing-Luan≈3,258 B sign-22 Rhyme
15(15.5) sign-33 VDOO 593.84 M (76%) sign-20 Qing-Luan20.06 M (97%) sign-03 CEDRUS-C194 B sign-21 ReSolveD-alpha3,456 B sign-02 BiT
16(15.8) sign-27 SQIsignTriangle 3194.82 M (0.0%) sign-33 VDOO22.63 M (96%) sign-04 CEDRUS-alpha212 B sign-24 Sigurd4,080 B sign-06 COMPASS-SIG
17(16.5) sign-31 TSUOV 1282.20 M (62%) sign-24 Sigurd24.21 M (97%) sign-11 FlexTree1,570 B sign-34 YuanYang-DSA4,533 B sign-01 Aigis-Sig
18(17.8) sign-26 SQIsign2D-push 1351.83 M (6.4%) sign-05 Chinith27.29 M (0.5%) sign-19 Phoenix1,760 B sign-07 CS4,656 B sign-15 MORNING-ATLAS
19(18.8) sign-03 CEDRUS-C 1564.11 M (4.1%) sign-28 SYDO43.03 M (77%) sign-20 Qing-Luan1,824 B sign-01 Aigis-Sig5,449 B sign-16 Octarine
20(18.8) sign-05 Chinith 2644.86 M (??%) sign-13 GreatWall70.79 M (68%) sign-31 TSUOV1,824 B sign-22 Rhyme5,540 B sign-17 OPS
21(18.8) sign-13 GreatWall 3694.01 M (1.2%) sign-25 SQIsign2D2100.85 M (51%) sign-24 Sigurd1,952 B sign-23 Shuttle5,968 B sign-30 TRINE
22(19.0) sign-04 CEDRUS-alpha 2913.34 M (4.4%) sign-27 SQIsignTriangle134.00 M (42%) sign-27 SQIsignTriangle2,144 B sign-02 BiT13,012 B sign-29 Tins
23(19.0) sign-11 FlexTree 2918.11 M (97%) sign-11 FlexTree156.24 M (7.9%) sign-25 SQIsign2D22,170 B sign-31 TSUOV14,260 B sign-13 GreatWall
24(19.2) sign-19 Phoenix 11.03 G (1.6%) sign-19 Phoenix420.43 M (??%) sign-13 GreatWall2,208 B sign-08 DARTS15,097 B sign-14 Lynxer
25(20.2) sign-20 Qing-Luan 21.07 G (3.7%) sign-21 ReSolveD-alpha429.75 M (4.9%) sign-05 Chinith2,368 B sign-16 Octarine15,950 B sign-12 Galas
26(20.5) sign-28 SYDO 11.19 G (97%) sign-03 CEDRUS-C534.40 M (4.3%) sign-28 SYDO2,848 B sign-15 MORNING-ATLAS17,604 B sign-28 SYDO
27(21.2) sign-14 Lynxer 31.27 G (97%) sign-04 CEDRUS-alpha927.11 M (0.6%) sign-32 UVW3,392 B sign-17 OPS17,932 B sign-21 ReSolveD-alpha
28(22.0) sign-24 Sigurd 21.29 G (40%) sign-14 Lynxer941.11 M (0.0%) sign-26 SQIsign2D-push3,616 B sign-06 COMPASS-SIG25,028 B sign-05 Chinith
29(23.2) sign-12 Galas 21.38 G (85%) sign-18 Origami941.25 M (19%) sign-14 Lynxer14,968 B sign-18 Origami43,296 B sign-04 CEDRUS-alpha
30(23.8) sign-29 Tins 23.87 G (0.0%) sign-26 SQIsign2D-push1.02 G (2.6%) sign-21 ReSolveD-alpha384,064 B sign-30 TRINE43,548 B sign-03 CEDRUS-C
31(24.0) sign-18 Origami 24.26 G (39%) sign-29 Tins1.25 G (87%) sign-18 Origami456,960 B sign-10 Facto-DSA44,906 B sign-19 Phoenix
32(24.2) sign-21 ReSolveD-alpha 26.53 G (3.6%) sign-12 Galas3.90 G (5.7%) sign-12 Galas2,050,352 B sign-09 DOVE46,856 B sign-11 FlexTree
33(26.5) sign-32 UVW 2134.44 G (10%) sign-30 TRINE4.19 G (41%) sign-29 Tins4,289,250 B sign-33 VDOO74,248 B sign-20 Qing-Luan
34(29.5) sign-30 TRINE 4185.89 G (0.0%) sign-32 UVW50.92 G (10%) sign-30 TRINE23,040,012 B sign-32 UVW≈74,756 B sign-24 Sigurd

Key Encapsulation (256-bit security)

rankoverall (mean rank)encapsulate cyclesdecapsulate cyclespublic keyciphertext
1(3.8) kem-41 ZEN 187.0 k (13%) kem-12 CTL133.5 k (42%) kem-25 NEV592 B kem-31 QIMEN-PIKE882 B kem-31 QIMEN-PIKE
2(4.2) kem-12 CTL 2130.1 k (64%) kem-25 NEV136.9 k (45%) kem-27 NTRE1,060 B kem-30 PolarLAC1,006 B kem-12 CTL
3(4.8) kem-15 FLIT 1150.4 k (67%) kem-27 NTRE211.2 k (40%) kem-41 ZEN1,186 B kem-19 Lore1,024 B kem-15 FLIT
4(5.9) kem-25 NEV 1152.4 k (58%) kem-41 ZEN216.0 k (61%) kem-28 OAEP-NTRU1,229 B kem-15 FLIT1,024 B kem-41 ZEN
5(6.0) kem-30 PolarLAC 1175.8 k (40%) kem-14 DTRU272.4 k (28%) kem-15 FLIT1,229 B kem-41 ZEN1,153 B kem-32 QCTM
6(7.2) kem-14 DTRU 1203.9 k (50%) kem-15 FLIT341.4 k (37%) kem-14 DTRU1,230 B kem-12 CTL1,280 B kem-14 DTRU
7(10.6) kem-40 YuanYang-KEM 1321.7 k (74%) kem-28 OAEP-NTRU407.6 k (65%) kem-30 PolarLAC1,312 B kem-11 COMPASS-KEM1,280 B kem-29 Polar-KEM
8(11.8) kem-08 BW-KEM 1327.6 k (73%) kem-30 PolarLAC539.7 k (6.4%) kem-12 CTL1,312 B kem-21 MAMBA-Viper1,280 B kem-30 PolarLAC
9(12.0) kem-13 DKEM 3411.7 k (43%) kem-40 YuanYang-KEM589.8 k (69%) kem-13 DKEM1,312 B kem-39 Weaver1,282 B kem-19 Lore
10(12.0) kem-19 Lore 1543.1 k (73%) kem-13 DKEM603.2 k (19%) kem-40 YuanYang-KEM1,344 B kem-25 NEV1,344 B kem-25 NEV
11(12.0) kem-27 NTRE 1570.2 k (78%) kem-08 BW-KEM654.4 k (72%) kem-08 BW-KEM1,536 B kem-14 DTRU1,344 B kem-40 YuanYang-KEM
12(13.4) kem-21 MAMBA-Viper 2619.8 k (92%) kem-29 Polar-KEM808.7 k (68%) kem-02 Amoeba1,568 B kem-08 BW-KEM1,440 B kem-08 BW-KEM
13(13.8) kem-39 Weaver 3721.2 k (76%) kem-02 Amoeba820.0 k (64%) kem-09 CheetahKEM1,568 B kem-13 DKEM1,472 B kem-11 COMPASS-KEM
14(14.5) kem-28 OAEP-NTRU 1736.9 k (32%) kem-22 Mithril828.5 k (29%) kem-22 Mithril1,568 B kem-40 YuanYang-KEM1,472 B kem-21 MAMBA-Viper
15(14.5) kem-29 Polar-KEM 3749.3 k (70%) kem-09 CheetahKEM838.4 k (74%) kem-39 Weaver1,573 B kem-04 BAG-Piglet1,536 B kem-39 Weaver
16(16.0) kem-02 Amoeba 3781.4 k (55%) kem-21 MAMBA-Viper862.3 k (52%) kem-21 MAMBA-Viper1,616 B kem-24 MORNING-Scabbard1,600 B kem-13 DKEM
17(16.0) kem-22 Mithril 1837.3 k (77%) kem-39 Weaver1.25 M (94%) kem-29 Polar-KEM1,648 B kem-02 Amoeba1,648 B kem-24 MORNING-Scabbard
18(16.4) kem-09 CheetahKEM 21.09 M (62%) kem-19 Lore1.25 M (54%) kem-19 Lore1,648 B kem-09 CheetahKEM1,680 B kem-22 Mithril
19(16.4) kem-11 COMPASS-KEM 11.27 M (19%) kem-38 UVW1.87 M (46%) kem-24 MORNING-Scabbard1,648 B kem-22 Mithril1,728 B kem-09 CheetahKEM
20(18.0) kem-24 MORNING-Scabbard 11.81 M (49%) kem-24 MORNING-Scabbard4.78 M (40%) kem-33 QUBE1,760 B kem-34 Rudraksh21,728 B kem-34 Rudraksh2
21(18.2) kem-31 QIMEN-PIKE 12.60 M (55%) kem-33 QUBE5.94 M (97%) kem-11 COMPASS-KEM1,944 B kem-27 NTRE1,833 B kem-02 Amoeba
22(20.9) kem-34 Rudraksh2 25.82 M (94%) kem-34 Rudraksh25.94 M (93%) kem-34 Rudraksh22,048 B kem-29 Polar-KEM1,944 B kem-27 NTRE
23(23.0) kem-04 BAG-Piglet 15.90 M (97%) kem-11 COMPASS-KEM14.08 M (83%) kem-18 LoongKEM2,430 B kem-28 OAEP-NTRU2,199 B kem-38 UVW
24(24.2) kem-18 LoongKEM 313.82 M (84%) kem-18 LoongKEM39.89 M (3.5%) kem-37 TriQ-KEM3,248 B kem-18 LoongKEM2,494 B kem-28 OAEP-NTRU
25(26.0) kem-33 QUBE 222.44 M (5.2%) kem-04 BAG-Piglet53.12 M (1.6%) kem-16 HARE4,453 B kem-36 TRIKE3,097 B kem-04 BAG-Piglet
26(26.5) kem-32 QCTM 326.90 M (4.3%) kem-37 TriQ-KEM53.97 M (1.7%) kem-23 Mito5,122 B kem-05 BIKE-MLThre3,520 B kem-18 LoongKEM
27(27.5) kem-37 TriQ-KEM 234.95 M (1.7%) kem-16 HARE78.47 M (4.2%) kem-04 BAG-Piglet6,328 B kem-37 TriQ-KEM5,154 B kem-05 BIKE-MLThre
28(28.0) kem-16 HARE 138.08 M (1.0%) kem-23 Mito84.26 M (92%) kem-35 Scloud6,580 B kem-16 HARE8,400 B kem-03 BAG-Loong
29(28.2) kem-36 TRIKE 143.27 M (??%) kem-32 QCTM133.26 M (0.7%) kem-36 TRIKE6,597 B kem-03 BAG-Loong8,874 B kem-36 TRIKE
30(28.5) kem-38 UVW 245.93 M (2.0%) kem-36 TRIKE196.76 M (2.4%) kem-20 MAMBA-Frost6,844 B kem-26 NSS-HQC9,084 B kem-26 NSS-HQC
31(29.2) kem-05 BIKE-MLThre 265.07 M (0.6%) kem-05 BIKE-MLThre214.51 M (60%) kem-03 BAG-Loong8,522 B kem-23 Mito10,423 B kem-33 QUBE
32(29.8) kem-23 Mito 175.81 M (50%) kem-17 HEP-QC246.34 M (??%) kem-26 NSS-HQC10,446 B kem-33 QUBE11,790 B kem-16 HARE
33(30.5) kem-03 BAG-Loong 284.50 M (92%) kem-35 Scloud361.68 M (0.1%) kem-05 BIKE-MLThre16,296 B kem-35 Scloud12,472 B kem-37 TriQ-KEM
34(31.8) kem-26 NSS-HQC 4111.06 M (66%) kem-03 BAG-Loong551.85 M (??%) kem-31 QIMEN-PIKE16,776 B kem-20 MAMBA-Frost12,714 B kem-23 Mito
35(32.8) kem-35 Scloud 1139.39 M (??%) kem-26 NSS-HQC751.25 M (87%) kem-17 HEP-QC595,662 B kem-32 QCTM14,421 B kem-17 HEP-QC
36(34.0) kem-20 MAMBA-Frost 1195.71 M (2.1%) kem-20 MAMBA-Frost9.49 G (0.0%) kem-38 UVW911,645 B kem-38 UVW15,552 B kem-20 MAMBA-Frost
37(34.8) kem-17 HEP-QC 3354.46 M (??%) kem-31 QIMEN-PIKE29.85 G (??%) kem-32 QCTM1,852,485 B kem-17 HEP-QC17,925 B kem-35 Scloud

Key Exchange (256-bit security)

rankoverall (mean rank)exchange cyclesbandwidth
1(2.5) kex-01 ADKEX 21.55 M (56%) kex-07 NEV-AKE2,880 B kex-06 MAMBA-NIKE
2(2.5) kex-03 CreTAKE 52.54 M (60%) kex-03 CreTAKE6,336 B kex-01 ADKEX
3(2.5) kex-07 NEV-AKE 13.64 M (73%) kex-01 ADKEX6,759 B kex-03 CreTAKE
4(3.0) kex-06 MAMBA-NIKE 15.84 M (76%) kex-02 AFS-KEX8,064 B kex-07 NEV-AKE
5(4.5) kex-02 AFS-KEX 16.90 M (??%) kex-06 MAMBA-NIKE9,216 B kex-02 AFS-KEX
6(6.5) kex-04 DKEX 17.27 M (16%) kex-04 DKEX11,610 B kex-05 Loom
7(6.5) kex-05 Loom 237.19 M (3.6%) kex-05 Loom17,574 B kex-04 DKEX
8(8.5) kex-08 NIIKE 2217.58 M (5.3%) kex-09 TriQ-KEX17,920 B kex-08 NIIKE
9(8.5) kex-09 TriQ-KEX 3848.72 G (??%) kex-08 NIIKE56,416 B kex-09 TriQ-KEX

Hash Functions (256-bit security)

rankoverall (mean rank)32 B cycles1 KiB cycles64 KiB cycles
1(1.3) hash-30 ZC-DM 1497 (0.18×) hash-30 ZC-DM5284 (0.12×) hash-30 ZC-DM300.5 k (0.11×) hash-34 WChain
2(2.7) hash-32 ZC-EDMC 1513 (0.18×) hash-32 ZC-EDMC5535 (0.13×) hash-32 ZC-EDMC323.0 k (0.12×) hash-30 ZC-DM
3(3.3) hash-34 WChain 11308 (0.47×) hash-28 XRH-15967 (0.14×) hash-34 WChain328.8 k (0.12×) hash-31 ZC-DMC
4(5.3) hash-09 Eijen 11310 (0.47×) hash-29 XRH-28234 (0.19×) hash-09 Eijen340.4 k (0.13×) hash-32 ZC-EDMC
5(5.7) hash-06 Cuishen 01358 (0.48×) hash-06 Cuishen10.9 k (0.25×) hash-31 ZC-DMC484.4 k (0.18×) hash-09 Eijen
6(6.7) hash-29 XRH-2 01379 (0.49×) hash-34 WChain12.0 k (0.28×) hash-06 Cuishen679.2 k (0.26×) hash-06 Cuishen
7(7.0) hash-28 XRH-1 01424 (0.51×) hash-09 Eijen12.9 k (0.30×) hash-19 MoFang733.3 k (0.28×) hash-19 MoFang
8(8.0) hash-19 MoFang 11690 (0.60×) hash-26 CHIME15.4 k (0.35×) hash-29 XRH-2951.7 k (0.36×) hash-29 XRH-2
9(8.3) hash-31 ZC-DMC 11692 (0.60×) hash-16 LLH15.4 k (0.36×) hash-28 XRH-1953.0 k (0.36×) hash-28 XRH-1
10(10.3) hash-18 Megascon 11706 (0.61×) hash-19 MoFang17.7 k (0.41×) hash-18 Megascon1.03 M (0.39×) hash-18 Megascon
11(11.3) hash-10 FEILIAN 12169 (0.77×) hash-18 Megascon17.9 k (0.41×) hash-10 FEILIAN1.13 M (0.43×) hash-10 FEILIAN
12(11.3) hash-16 LLH 02323 (0.83×) hash-10 FEILIAN19.4 k (0.45×) hash-16 LLH1.16 M (0.44×) hash-20 Mozi
13(12.7) hash-20 Mozi 22331 (0.83×) hash-20 Mozi21.6 k (0.50×) hash-20 Mozi1.19 M (0.45×) hash-16 LLH
14(14.3) hash-33 Thunder 02695 (0.96×) hash-33 Thunder23.9 k (0.55×) hash-33 Thunder1.29 M (0.49×) hash-11 Garnet
15(15.0) hash-26 CHIME 13059 (1.09×) hash-14 Laurus27.2 k (0.63×) hash-14 Laurus1.36 M (0.52×) hash-33 Thunder
16(16.0) hash-14 Laurus 13061 (1.09×) hash-15 Litchi27.3 k (0.63×) hash-15 Litchi1.51 M (0.57×) hash-02 AXIS
17(16.3) hash-15 Litchi 13303 (1.18×) hash-31 ZC-DMC28.7 k (0.66×) hash-11 Garnet1.55 M (0.59×) hash-15 Litchi
18(17.0) hash-11 Garnet 13862 (1.37×) hash-07 Dragon32.1 k (0.74×) hash-26 CHIME1.56 M (0.59×) hash-14 Laurus
19(19.0) hash-07 Dragon 04034 (1.44×) hash-08 Duet34.3 k (0.79×) hash-07 Dragon1.96 M (0.74×) hash-26 CHIME
20(21.0) hash-23 QILIN 08609 (3.06×) hash-11 Garnet51.9 k (1.19×) hash-23 QILIN1.97 M (0.74×) hash-07 Dragon
21(22.0) hash-12 Iphe 18781 (3.13×) hash-21 Neulaser66.1 k (1.52×) hash-12 Iphe3.23 M (1.22×) hash-23 QILIN
22(22.3) hash-21 Neulaser 313.0 k (4.63×) hash-23 QILIN68.5 k (1.58×) hash-21 Neulaser3.77 M (1.43×) hash-12 Iphe
23(22.7) hash-02 AXIS 213.1 k (4.65×) hash-12 Iphe72.9 k (1.68×) hash-02 AXIS4.00 M (1.51×) hash-17 MasterCube
24(23.0) hash-08 Duet 014.0 k (4.97×) hash-01 AFS-TrEDM73.4 k (1.69×) hash-17 MasterCube4.09 M (1.55×) hash-21 Neulaser
25(24.0) hash-17 MasterCube 114.8 k (5.27×) hash-17 MasterCube87.4 k (2.01×) hash-08 Duet5.43 M (2.05×) hash-08 Duet
26(25.3) hash-01 AFS-TrEDM 116.9 k (6.01×) hash-27 Vedak125.0 k (2.88×) hash-01 AFS-TrEDM7.01 M (2.65×) hash-01 AFS-TrEDM
27(27.0) hash-25 TaiChi 126.8 k (9.52×) hash-25 TaiChi141.6 k (3.26×) hash-25 TaiChi8.76 M (3.32×) hash-25 TaiChi
28(27.3) hash-27 Vedak 136.9 k (13.12×) hash-22 Pavelor154.7 k (3.56×) hash-27 Vedak9.34 M (3.54×) hash-27 Vedak
29(28.7) hash-22 Pavelor 150.7 k (18.03×) hash-02 AXIS217.9 k (5.01×) hash-22 Pavelor12.29 M (4.65×) hash-22 Pavelor
30(30.3) hash-24 QuantaSylva 161.6 k (21.91×) hash-05 uHash245.0 k (5.64×) hash-24 QuantaSylva12.84 M (4.86×) hash-24 QuantaSylva
31(31.7) hash-05 uHash 266.8 k (23.78×) hash-24 QuantaSylva445.3 k (10.25×) hash-13 JuziHash22.74 M (8.61×) hash-13 JuziHash
32(31.7) hash-13 JuziHash 187.8 k (31.23×) hash-04 CHAMP671.7 k (15.46×) hash-05 uHash37.40 M (14.16×) hash-04 CHAMP
33(32.3) hash-04 CHAMP 3133.3 k (47.44×) hash-13 JuziHash687.1 k (15.81×) hash-04 CHAMP41.79 M (15.82×) hash-05 uHash
34(34.3) hash-03 C-Hash 1208.6 k (74.23×) hash-35 Wish1.47 M (33.94×) hash-03 C-Hash75.29 M (28.51×) hash-03 C-Hash
35(34.7) hash-35 Wish 1210.0 k (74.75×) hash-03 C-Hash4.10 M (94.34×) hash-35 Wish247.65 M (93.76×) hash-35 Wish