Performance measurements › system: x86_1 · arm_1

Ordered measurements (arm_1, 512-bit)

Target: 128-bit · 256-bit · 512-bit

Digital Signatures (512-bit security)

rankoverall (mean rank)sign cyclesverify cyclespublic keysignature
1(8.8) sign-34 YuanYang-DSA 17.60 M (82%) sign-06 COMPASS-SIG835.6 k (57%) sign-34 YuanYang-DSA128 B sign-03 CEDRUS-C128 B sign-10 Facto-DSA
2(9.6) sign-08 DARTS 38.31 M (29%) sign-01 Aigis-Sig1.54 M (78%) sign-08 DARTS128 B sign-04 CEDRUS-alpha471 B sign-33 VDOO
3(9.8) sign-23 Shuttle 29.97 M (88%) sign-08 DARTS1.89 M (62%) sign-22 Rhyme128 B sign-05 Chinith593 B sign-26 SQIsign2D-push
4(11.2) sign-22 Rhyme 410.06 M (87%) sign-17 OPS2.60 M (??%) sign-23 Shuttle128 B sign-11 FlexTree648 B sign-09 DOVE
5(11.8) sign-02 BiT 310.51 M (69%) sign-02 BiT3.27 M (87%) sign-02 BiT128 B sign-12 Galas776 B sign-25 SQIsign2D2
6(12.5) sign-07 CS 414.10 M (??%) sign-23 Shuttle3.29 M (16%) sign-07 CS128 B sign-14 Lynxer816 B sign-27 SQIsignTriangle
7(12.6) sign-01 Aigis-Sig 315.20 M (58%) sign-16 Octarine3.85 M (50%) sign-16 Octarine128 B sign-19 Phoenix1,220 B sign-18 Origami
8(13.2) sign-06 COMPASS-SIG 429.31 M (81%) sign-22 Rhyme4.17 M (0.3%) sign-33 VDOO132 B sign-13 GreatWall2,364 B sign-34 YuanYang-DSA
9(14.5) sign-16 Octarine 235.17 M (2.1%) sign-34 YuanYang-DSA5.15 M (91%) sign-06 COMPASS-SIG195 B sign-29 Tins2,939 B sign-31 TSUOV
10(14.8) sign-25 SQIsign2D2 235.69 M (52%) sign-15 MORNING-ATLAS5.80 M (6.0%) sign-01 Aigis-Sig246 B sign-28 SYDO4,956 B sign-32 UVW
11(14.8) sign-33 VDOO 541.58 M (69%) sign-07 CS6.89 M (89%) sign-17 OPS256 B sign-25 SQIsign2D25,001 B sign-23 Shuttle
12(15.0) sign-10 Facto-DSA 2132.53 M (0.0%) sign-10 Facto-DSA10.83 M (62%) sign-15 MORNING-ATLAS257 B sign-27 SQIsignTriangle5,851 B sign-08 DARTS
13(15.0) sign-17 OPS 1242.40 M (0.0%) sign-09 DOVE59.19 M (0.0%) sign-09 DOVE262 B sign-26 SQIsign2D-push5,975 B sign-07 CS
14(15.8) sign-09 DOVE 2538.64 M (82%) sign-20 Qing-Luan111.38 M (97%) sign-11 FlexTree302 B sign-20 Qing-Luan6,695 B sign-02 BiT
15(16.2) sign-15 MORNING-ATLAS 8721.69 M (41%) sign-21 ReSolveD-alpha122.27 M (0.2%) sign-19 Phoenix385 B sign-21 ReSolveD-alpha≈7,002 B sign-22 Rhyme
16(17.2) sign-27 SQIsignTriangle 3798.30 M (81%) sign-31 TSUOV127.13 M (89%) sign-10 Facto-DSA435 B sign-24 Sigurd9,024 B sign-06 COMPASS-SIG
17(18.0) sign-19 Phoenix 11.33 G (0.0%) sign-33 VDOO137.72 M (98%) sign-04 CEDRUS-alpha3,330 B sign-34 YuanYang-DSA9,134 B sign-01 Aigis-Sig
18(18.5) sign-31 TSUOV 11.60 G (11%) sign-28 SYDO150.81 M (99%) sign-03 CEDRUS-C3,648 B sign-23 Shuttle10,081 B sign-15 MORNING-ATLAS
19(19.0) sign-26 SQIsign2D-push 12.78 G (63%) sign-24 Sigurd255.28 M (84%) sign-20 Qing-Luan3,872 B sign-22 Rhyme12,021 B sign-17 OPS
20(19.2) sign-14 Lynxer 35.02 G (0.1%) sign-25 SQIsign2D2577.76 M (34%) sign-21 ReSolveD-alpha4,288 B sign-07 CS14,713 B sign-16 Octarine
21(19.2) sign-21 ReSolveD-alpha 25.54 G (4.9%) sign-19 Phoenix785.82 M (83%) sign-31 TSUOV4,672 B sign-01 Aigis-Sig23,672 B sign-30 TRINE
22(19.5) sign-11 FlexTree 26.02 G (1.7%) sign-05 Chinith922.08 M (34%) sign-24 Sigurd4,672 B sign-08 DARTS51,187 B sign-29 Tins
23(19.5) sign-28 SYDO 16.34 G (96%) sign-14 Lynxer1.05 G (0.9%) sign-25 SQIsign2D25,056 B sign-02 BiT57,812 B sign-13 GreatWall
24(20.0) sign-04 CEDRUS-alpha 26.88 G (??%) sign-13 GreatWall1.52 G (12%) sign-28 SYDO5,184 B sign-16 Octarine59,416 B sign-12 Galas
25(20.2) sign-03 CEDRUS-C 19.03 G (2.1%) sign-27 SQIsignTriangle2.32 G (91%) sign-14 Lynxer6,688 B sign-15 MORNING-ATLAS61,091 B sign-14 Lynxer
26(20.2) sign-20 Qing-Luan 211.43 G (84%) sign-18 Origami3.06 G (84%) sign-27 SQIsignTriangle6,720 B sign-17 OPS67,716 B sign-28 SYDO
27(20.8) sign-13 GreatWall 318.40 G (57%) sign-29 Tins4.17 G (0.2%) sign-32 UVW7,648 B sign-06 COMPASS-SIG72,611 B sign-21 ReSolveD-alpha
28(21.0) sign-05 Chinith 219.86 G (99%) sign-04 CEDRUS-alpha4.29 G (??%) sign-13 GreatWall21,319 B sign-31 TSUOV94,948 B sign-11 FlexTree
29(22.5) sign-24 Sigurd 223.46 G (99%) sign-03 CEDRUS-C4.95 G (2.0%) sign-05 Chinith35,924 B sign-18 Origami106,788 B sign-05 Chinith
30(22.5) sign-29 Tins 240.22 G (0.0%) sign-26 SQIsign2D-push10.17 G (0.0%) sign-26 SQIsign2D-push3,188,776 B sign-30 TRINE121,520 B sign-03 CEDRUS-C
31(23.0) sign-12 Galas 266.84 G (2.3%) sign-12 Galas10.54 G (86%) sign-18 Origami5,674,240 B sign-10 Facto-DSA127,488 B sign-04 CEDRUS-alpha
32(23.2) sign-18 Origami 280.79 G (99%) sign-11 FlexTree18.24 G (57%) sign-29 Tins20,229,300 B sign-33 VDOO138,454 B sign-19 Phoenix
33(26.0) sign-32 UVW 21564.34 G (0.0%) sign-32 UVW35.30 G (4.4%) sign-12 Galas22,833,052 B sign-09 DOVE≈282,692 B sign-24 Sigurd
34(29.8) sign-30 TRINE 42508.52 G (3.1%) sign-30 TRINE1150.27 G (3.1%) sign-30 TRINE95,160,012 B sign-32 UVW292,816 B sign-20 Qing-Luan

Key Encapsulation (512-bit security)

rankoverall (mean rank)encapsulate cyclesdecapsulate cyclespublic keyciphertext
1(2.8) kem-41 ZEN 1339.0 k (66%) kem-27 NTRE326.6 k (47%) kem-27 NTRE1,198 B kem-31 QIMEN-PIKE1,746 B kem-31 QIMEN-PIKE
2(4.0) kem-25 NEV 1387.4 k (70%) kem-25 NEV357.8 k (43%) kem-25 NEV2,458 B kem-41 ZEN2,048 B kem-41 ZEN
3(6.6) kem-14 DTRU 1405.7 k (39%) kem-14 DTRU569.0 k (45%) kem-41 ZEN2,522 B kem-30 PolarLAC2,264 B kem-32 QCTM
4(6.8) kem-15 FLIT 1425.3 k (64%) kem-41 ZEN661.7 k (71%) kem-28 OAEP-NTRU2,688 B kem-25 NEV2,304 B kem-15 FLIT
5(7.5) kem-30 PolarLAC 1766.5 k (61%) kem-15 FLIT775.2 k (35%) kem-14 DTRU2,848 B kem-11 COMPASS-KEM2,304 B kem-29 Polar-KEM
6(9.2) kem-40 YuanYang-KEM 1805.3 k (39%) kem-40 YuanYang-KEM928.3 k (34%) kem-15 FLIT2,880 B kem-24 MORNING-Scabbard2,353 B kem-12 CTL
7(9.4) kem-27 NTRE 1873.4 k (80%) kem-28 OAEP-NTRU1.23 M (15%) kem-40 YuanYang-KEM2,880 B kem-39 Weaver2,560 B kem-14 DTRU
8(11.5) kem-08 BW-KEM 11.10 M (83%) kem-30 PolarLAC1.31 M (78%) kem-30 PolarLAC2,914 B kem-19 Lore2,688 B kem-25 NEV
9(11.6) kem-29 Polar-KEM 31.23 M (92%) kem-29 Polar-KEM1.59 M (66%) kem-02 Amoeba3,009 B kem-12 CTL2,880 B kem-40 YuanYang-KEM
10(12.6) kem-13 DKEM 31.40 M (75%) kem-02 Amoeba2.05 M (81%) kem-13 DKEM3,056 B kem-22 Mithril2,944 B kem-08 BW-KEM
11(12.6) kem-39 Weaver 31.95 M (84%) kem-13 DKEM2.23 M (78%) kem-08 BW-KEM3,072 B kem-14 DTRU2,970 B kem-30 PolarLAC
12(13.6) kem-24 MORNING-Scabbard 11.97 M (83%) kem-08 BW-KEM2.46 M (94%) kem-29 Polar-KEM3,072 B kem-15 FLIT3,072 B kem-24 MORNING-Scabbard
13(13.8) kem-22 Mithril 12.28 M (22%) kem-22 Mithril2.66 M (20%) kem-22 Mithril3,136 B kem-08 BW-KEM3,136 B kem-13 DKEM
14(14.0) kem-19 Lore 12.90 M (82%) kem-39 Weaver2.95 M (79%) kem-39 Weaver3,200 B kem-21 MAMBA-Viper3,170 B kem-19 Lore
15(14.5) kem-11 COMPASS-KEM 13.29 M (55%) kem-21 MAMBA-Viper3.43 M (53%) kem-21 MAMBA-Viper3,328 B kem-40 YuanYang-KEM3,264 B kem-11 COMPASS-KEM
16(14.5) kem-12 CTL 23.41 M (84%) kem-09 CheetahKEM3.64 M (82%) kem-09 CheetahKEM3,392 B kem-13 DKEM3,392 B kem-39 Weaver
17(14.5) kem-28 OAEP-NTRU 14.95 M (66%) kem-19 Lore5.40 M (61%) kem-19 Lore3,392 B kem-34 Rudraksh23,456 B kem-21 MAMBA-Viper
18(14.8) kem-02 Amoeba 35.50 M (47%) kem-24 MORNING-Scabbard5.70 M (44%) kem-24 MORNING-Scabbard3,456 B kem-27 NTRE3,456 B kem-27 NTRE
19(15.4) kem-21 MAMBA-Viper 26.37 M (93%) kem-11 COMPASS-KEM6.46 M (91%) kem-11 COMPASS-KEM3,520 B kem-02 Amoeba3,504 B kem-22 Mithril
20(18.5) kem-09 CheetahKEM 29.01 M (0.4%) kem-12 CTL18.94 M (97%) kem-34 Rudraksh23,600 B kem-09 CheetahKEM3,552 B kem-34 Rudraksh2
21(18.5) kem-31 QIMEN-PIKE 116.76 M (63%) kem-33 QUBE25.27 M (53%) kem-33 QUBE4,096 B kem-29 Polar-KEM3,914 B kem-02 Amoeba
22(19.6) kem-34 Rudraksh2 218.80 M (98%) kem-34 Rudraksh272.30 M (86%) kem-18 LoongKEM4,158 B kem-04 BAG-Piglet4,032 B kem-09 CheetahKEM
23(24.0) kem-18 LoongKEM 319.79 M (3.5%) kem-38 UVW75.43 M (0.3%) kem-12 CTL4,860 B kem-28 OAEP-NTRU4,820 B kem-38 UVW
24(25.5) kem-32 QCTM 371.52 M (87%) kem-18 LoongKEM233.75 M (3.3%) kem-37 TriQ-KEM10,640 B kem-18 LoongKEM4,988 B kem-28 OAEP-NTRU
25(26.0) kem-04 BAG-Piglet 1136.51 M (2.1%) kem-36 TRIKE312.57 M (0.8%) kem-23 Mito14,320 B kem-36 TRIKE8,204 B kem-04 BAG-Piglet
26(26.2) kem-33 QUBE 2157.68 M (3.8%) kem-37 TriQ-KEM316.46 M (1.6%) kem-16 HARE18,751 B kem-05 BIKE-MLThre10,848 B kem-18 LoongKEM
27(27.5) kem-36 TRIKE 1163.01 M (??%) kem-32 QCTM346.63 M (90%) kem-35 Scloud19,043 B kem-03 BAG-Loong18,815 B kem-05 BIKE-MLThre
28(28.0) kem-37 TriQ-KEM 2205.64 M (16%) kem-04 BAG-Piglet637.67 M (58%) kem-03 BAG-Loong19,768 B kem-37 TriQ-KEM21,660 B kem-03 BAG-Loong
29(28.5) kem-03 BAG-Loong 2210.06 M (1.6%) kem-16 HARE690.75 M (14%) kem-04 BAG-Piglet21,812 B kem-16 HARE28,576 B kem-36 TRIKE
30(29.2) kem-16 HARE 1222.03 M (0.5%) kem-23 Mito745.51 M (3.0%) kem-20 MAMBA-Frost25,674 B kem-23 Mito31,462 B kem-26 NSS-HQC
31(29.2) kem-23 Mito 1337.55 M (58%) kem-03 BAG-Loong796.85 M (0.4%) kem-36 TRIKE27,302 B kem-26 NSS-HQC33,846 B kem-33 QUBE
32(29.5) kem-38 UVW 2347.69 M (91%) kem-35 Scloud1.80 G (??%) kem-26 NSS-HQC34,028 B kem-33 QUBE38,442 B kem-23 Mito
33(29.8) kem-05 BIKE-MLThre 2476.64 M (0.5%) kem-05 BIKE-MLThre2.58 G (0.1%) kem-05 BIKE-MLThre36,432 B kem-20 MAMBA-Frost39,294 B kem-16 HARE
34(32.0) kem-35 Scloud 1501.64 M (51%) kem-17 HEP-QC3.04 G (77%) kem-17 HEP-QC48,016 B kem-35 Scloud39,320 B kem-37 TriQ-KEM
35(32.2) kem-26 NSS-HQC 4741.58 M (2.6%) kem-20 MAMBA-Frost4.12 G (??%) kem-31 QIMEN-PIKE2,374,727 B kem-32 QCTM48,320 B kem-35 Scloud
36(33.8) kem-20 MAMBA-Frost 11.12 G (??%) kem-26 NSS-HQC66.64 G (0.0%) kem-38 UVW4,001,850 B kem-38 UVW49,297 B kem-17 HEP-QC
37(35.2) kem-17 HEP-QC 32.69 G (??%) kem-31 QIMEN-PIKE201.48 G (??%) kem-32 QCTM12,644,449 B kem-17 HEP-QC72,944 B kem-20 MAMBA-Frost

Key Exchange (512-bit security)

rankoverall (mean rank)exchange cyclesbandwidth
1(2.5) kex-03 CreTAKE 54.69 M (61%) kex-07 NEV-AKE6,208 B kex-06 MAMBA-NIKE
2(2.5) kex-07 NEV-AKE 17.65 M (68%) kex-03 CreTAKE13,056 B kex-01 ADKEX
3(3.0) kex-01 ADKEX 210.57 M (40%) kex-04 DKEX13,518 B kex-03 CreTAKE
4(3.0) kex-06 MAMBA-NIKE 112.84 M (84%) kex-01 ADKEX16,128 B kex-07 NEV-AKE
5(4.5) kex-04 DKEX 114.56 M (??%) kex-06 MAMBA-NIKE18,560 B kex-02 AFS-KEX
6(5.5) kex-02 AFS-KEX 120.05 M (81%) kex-02 AFS-KEX20,902 B kex-04 DKEX
7(7.0) kex-05 Loom 279.08 M (6.1%) kex-05 Loom23,466 B kex-05 Loom
8(8.0) kex-09 TriQ-KEX 31.28 G (5.6%) kex-09 TriQ-KEX177,280 B kex-09 TriQ-KEX

Hash Functions (512-bit security)

rankoverall (mean rank)32 B cycles1 KiB cycles64 KiB cycles
1(1.3) hash-09 Eijen 11433 (0.26×) hash-09 Eijen12.4 k (0.14×) hash-09 Eijen677.0 k (0.13×) hash-34 WChain
2(2.7) hash-06 Cuishen 01823 (0.32×) hash-06 Cuishen14.9 k (0.17×) hash-34 WChain745.3 k (0.14×) hash-09 Eijen
3(4.7) hash-30 ZC-DM 12237 (0.40×) hash-26 CHIME15.9 k (0.18×) hash-06 Cuishen904.2 k (0.17×) hash-06 Cuishen
4(5.3) hash-10 FEILIAN 12382 (0.42×) hash-18 Megascon17.8 k (0.20×) hash-30 ZC-DM989.4 k (0.19×) hash-30 ZC-DM
5(5.3) hash-18 Megascon 12384 (0.42×) hash-10 FEILIAN18.0 k (0.21×) hash-10 FEILIAN1.01 M (0.19×) hash-18 Megascon
6(6.0) hash-34 WChain 12558 (0.46×) hash-30 ZC-DM18.0 k (0.21×) hash-32 ZC-EDMC1.13 M (0.22×) hash-10 FEILIAN
7(8.0) hash-20 Mozi 22662 (0.47×) hash-32 ZC-EDMC18.1 k (0.21×) hash-18 Megascon1.20 M (0.23×) hash-31 ZC-DMC
8(8.0) hash-32 ZC-EDMC 12707 (0.48×) hash-20 Mozi21.6 k (0.25×) hash-20 Mozi1.21 M (0.23×) hash-20 Mozi
9(9.3) hash-26 CHIME 12724 (0.48×) hash-33 Thunder24.8 k (0.28×) hash-31 ZC-DMC1.59 M (0.31×) hash-19 MoFang
10(10.3) hash-19 MoFang 13054 (0.54×) hash-15 Litchi28.5 k (0.33×) hash-19 MoFang1.73 M (0.33×) hash-16 LLH
11(10.7) hash-31 ZC-DMC 13186 (0.57×) hash-14 Laurus29.5 k (0.34×) hash-16 LLH1.76 M (0.34×) hash-32 ZC-EDMC
12(11.7) hash-16 LLH 03534 (0.63×) hash-19 MoFang44.7 k (0.51×) hash-26 CHIME2.46 M (0.47×) hash-02 AXIS
13(12.0) hash-33 Thunder 03927 (0.70×) hash-07 Dragon45.0 k (0.52×) hash-33 Thunder2.67 M (0.51×) hash-26 CHIME
14(13.0) hash-15 Litchi 15170 (0.92×) hash-16 LLH45.2 k (0.52×) hash-15 Litchi2.71 M (0.52×) hash-33 Thunder
15(14.0) hash-14 Laurus 15991 (1.07×) hash-34 WChain48.7 k (0.56×) hash-14 Laurus2.75 M (0.53×) hash-15 Litchi
16(16.7) hash-07 Dragon 06892 (1.23×) hash-31 ZC-DMC61.2 k (0.70×) hash-29 XRH-23.11 M (0.60×) hash-14 Laurus
17(16.7) hash-29 XRH-2 08842 (1.57×) hash-29 XRH-262.1 k (0.71×) hash-28 XRH-13.50 M (0.67×) hash-29 XRH-2
18(17.7) hash-28 XRH-1 08857 (1.58×) hash-28 XRH-165.2 k (0.75×) hash-07 Dragon3.56 M (0.68×) hash-28 XRH-1
19(19.7) hash-21 Neulaser 312.1 k (2.16×) hash-12 Iphe75.4 k (0.86×) hash-21 Neulaser3.94 M (0.76×) hash-07 Dragon
20(20.0) hash-12 Iphe 114.3 k (2.55×) hash-21 Neulaser94.5 k (1.08×) hash-12 Iphe4.14 M (0.80×) hash-21 Neulaser
21(20.7) hash-02 AXIS 214.4 k (2.56×) hash-08 Duet120.9 k (1.39×) hash-02 AXIS5.62 M (1.08×) hash-12 Iphe
22(22.3) hash-23 QILIN 017.2 k (3.06×) hash-23 QILIN137.3 k (1.57×) hash-23 QILIN7.62 M (1.46×) hash-11 Garnet
23(23.0) hash-08 Duet 027.8 k (4.95×) hash-01 AFS-TrEDM156.8 k (1.80×) hash-08 Duet8.28 M (1.59×) hash-23 QILIN
24(24.0) hash-11 Garnet 129.5 k (5.25×) hash-17 MasterCube159.6 k (1.83×) hash-11 Garnet8.57 M (1.65×) hash-17 MasterCube
25(24.3) hash-17 MasterCube 131.6 k (5.62×) hash-27 Vedak161.2 k (1.85×) hash-17 MasterCube9.68 M (1.86×) hash-08 Duet
26(26.7) hash-25 TaiChi 143.1 k (7.67×) hash-11 Garnet261.0 k (2.99×) hash-25 TaiChi12.64 M (2.43×) hash-24 QuantaSylva
27(27.0) hash-27 Vedak 148.4 k (8.62×) hash-25 TaiChi305.5 k (3.50×) hash-24 QuantaSylva13.83 M (2.66×) hash-25 TaiChi
28(27.7) hash-01 AFS-TrEDM 172.6 k (12.92×) hash-22 Pavelor330.9 k (3.79×) hash-27 Vedak19.41 M (3.73×) hash-27 Vedak
29(27.7) hash-24 QuantaSylva 184.8 k (15.09×) hash-02 AXIS443.9 k (5.09×) hash-13 JuziHash22.77 M (4.38×) hash-13 JuziHash
30(29.7) hash-13 JuziHash 1131.2 k (23.35×) hash-24 QuantaSylva463.5 k (5.32×) hash-01 AFS-TrEDM27.94 M (5.37×) hash-01 AFS-TrEDM
31(30.0) hash-22 Pavelor 1132.8 k (23.63×) hash-13 JuziHash643.8 k (7.38×) hash-22 Pavelor36.92 M (7.09×) hash-22 Pavelor
32(32.0) hash-03 C-Hash 1209.9 k (37.37×) hash-03 C-Hash1.48 M (16.92×) hash-03 C-Hash75.33 M (14.48×) hash-03 C-Hash
33(33.3) hash-04 CHAMP 3244.5 k (43.52×) hash-05 uHash1.52 M (17.43×) hash-04 CHAMP85.04 M (16.34×) hash-04 CHAMP
34(33.7) hash-05 uHash 2324.1 k (57.69×) hash-04 CHAMP4.07 M (46.64×) hash-05 uHash253.45 M (48.71×) hash-05 uHash
35(35.0) hash-35 Wish 1608.8 k (108.37×) hash-35 Wish5.76 M (66.05×) hash-35 Wish329.38 M (63.30×) hash-35 Wish